(1. 山西大同大学 机电工程学院，大同 037003；
2. 山西大同大学 炭材料研究所，大同 037009)
摘 要: 锂离子电池因其优异的电化学性能和力学性能受到人们的广泛关注。虽然这些电池已经被广泛使用和商业化，但研究人员仍在对其电极材料和技术进行广泛的研究，以提高其安全性、寿命、比容量、能量密度以及降低成本等。石墨烯由于其开放的层结构、特殊的电子结构和优异的导电性而广泛应用于锂离子电池的负极材料。本文从石墨烯的微观结构出发，介绍石墨烯中的缺陷对石墨烯电子结构和储锂性能的影响以及相关研究的最新进展，阐明石墨烯微结构和电子结构与作为锂离子电池负极材料的电化学性能之间的关系。此外，还对石墨烯负极材料当前存在的问题及未来的研究方向进行总结，为锂离子电池的发展和应用提供指导。
关键字: 石墨烯；缺陷；电子结构；锂离子；电化学性能
（1. School of Mechatronical Engineering, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037003, China;
2. Institute of Carbon Materials Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, China）
Abstract:Lithium-ion batteries have attracted much attention because of their excellent electrochemical and mechanical properties. Although these batteries have been widely used and commercialized, researchers are still conducting extensive research on their electrode materials and technologies to improve safety, lifetime, specific capacity, energy density and lower cost. Graphene has been widely used as anode material for lithium-ion batteries due to its open layer structure, special electronic structure and excellent electrical conductivity. Based on the microstructure of graphene, this paper introduced the effects of defects on the electronic structure and lithium storage performance of graphene as well as the latest progress of related research, clarified the relationship of microstructure, electronic structure and electrochemical performance of graphene as anode material of lithium-ion batteries. In addition, the current problems and future research directions of graphene anode materials were summarized, which could provide guidance for the development and application of lithium-ion batteries.
Key words: graphene; defects; electronic structure; lithium ions; electrochemical performance
