(1. 北京科技大学 土木与资源工程学院，北京 100083；
2. 北京科技大学 金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室，北京 100083；
3. 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 矿山事业部，北京 100038)
摘 要: 针对矿山充填料浆高浓度易堵管、低浓度采场积水问题，开展废石尾砂充填料浆的强度特性和流动特性试验研究。基于不同充填配比的强度、塌落度、扩展度和流变参数，构建了强度参数、流动参数和充填材料成本数学模型。结果表明：充填体强度、料浆塌落度和扩展度随含水量增大而增大，料浆屈服应力和塑性黏度随含水量增大而减小。强度模型求解的达标含水量为20.5%~26.0%，3 d、7 d和28 d的最小强度分别为1.58 MPa、2.50 MPa和5.20 MPa；流动模型求解的达标含水量为22.0%~26.0%，塌落度和扩展度的最小值分别为25.64 cm和44.37 cm，屈服应力和塑性黏度的最大值分别为206.7853 Pa和0.7894 Pa·s。优化的材料成本为244.84元/m3，充填体中的的废石、全尾砂、水泥和水用量分别为0.6535 t/m3、0.6535 t/m3、0.3268 t/m3和0.5663 t/m3，建议充填输送料浆含水量为25.74%。
关键字: 废石全尾砂；强度特性；流动特性；含水平衡；成本优化
（1. School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
3. Mine Division, China ENFI Engineering Corp., Beijing 100038, China）
Abstract:For the problem of "high-concentration slurry is prone to blockage accidents, and high-water-content slurry is prone to segregation accidents", the strength characteristics test and slurry flow characteristics test of waste rock and unclassified tailings backfill were carried out. Based on the strength, slump, expansion and rheological parameters of different filling ratios, the mathematical models of strength parameters, flow parameters and filling material cost were constructed. The results show that the strength of the filling body, the degree of slump and the degree of expansion of the slurry increase with the increase of the water content, and the yield stress and the plastic viscosity of the slurry decrease with the increase of the water. The suitable water content range for the solution of the strength model is 20.5%-26.0%, and the intensity minimums for 3 d is 1.58 MPa, those for 7 d and 28 d are 2.50 MPa and 5.20 MPa, respectively. The reasonable range of water content is 22%-26%, the slump values are all greater than 25.64 cm, the expansion values are all greater than 44.37 cm, the yield stress values are all less than 206.7853 Pa, and the plastic viscosity values are all less than 0.7894 Pa·s at the time. The optimized material cost is 244.84 yuan/m3. The contents of waste rock, unclassified tailings, cement and water inside the backfill are 0.6535 t/m3, 0.6535 t/m3, 0.3268 t/m3, and 0.5663 t/m3. The recommended water content in the slurry is 25.74%.
Key words: waste rock and unclassified tailings; strength properties; flow properties; water balance; cost optimization
