(1. 中南大学材料科学与工程学院，长沙 410083；
2. 中南大学冶金与环境学院，长沙 410083；
3. 中南大学交通运输工程学院，长沙 410075)
摘 要: 点阵材料是由一种或多种结构单元，按照特定方式(如周期、拓扑、分形等)优化组合构筑而成的具有特殊物理性能的一类新材料，在光、电、力、热、声、磁、生物化学等领域均具有巨大的应用潜力。3D打印技术极大地推动了点阵材料的发展，提高了点阵材料的可设计性，使制备具有形状复杂、尺度细小的点阵材料成为现实。本文综述了点阵材料的研究进展：阐述了点阵材料结构单元的类型及特征；归纳了点阵材料的制备方法；总结了点阵材料的性能及应用；最后探讨了点阵材料的发展方向。
关键字: 点阵材料；3D打印；多孔结构；点阵结构制备方法；功能结构一体化
（1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. School of Metallurgy and Environment, CentralSouthUniversity, Changsha 410083, China;
3. School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China）
Abstract:The lattice materials are a new type of materials with special physical properties, which are constructed by one or more structural units optimized and combined in a specific way (such as period, topology, fractal, etc.),which has huge application potential in optics, electricity, mechanics, heat, acoustics, magnetism, biology, chemistry and other fields. 3D printing technology has greatly promoted the development of lattice materials, improved the designability of lattice materials, and made it possible to fabricate lattice materials with complex internal structures and smaller geometric dimensions. The research progress of lattice material was reviewed in this paper. The types and characteristics of its structural units were introduced, and the fabrication methods of lattice materials were concluded. The properties and applications of lattice materials were summarized. Finally, the research tendency of lattice materials was discussed.
Key words: lattice material; 3D printing; porous structure; fabrication method of lattice structure; integration of structure and function
