(中南大学 冶金与环境学院，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 正钼酸铵、正铬酸铵等遇热易分解的易水溶性金属铵盐具有重要的应用价值，但由于其繁琐的制备过程与苛刻的保存环境，鲜有相关的制备研究。本文提出一种由金属化合物前驱体((NH4)2Mo4O13或CrO3)与NH4HCO3粉末在密闭体系中反应，直接合成这类金属铵盐的简单方法，即一步合成法。X射线衍射、热重-差热分析、红外光谱、拉曼光谱等的研究结果表明，采用该方法制备的金属铵盐与预期目标产物正钼酸铵和正铬酸铵一致。本文提出的一步合成此类金属铵盐的新方法具有操作简单、经济高效等潜在优势。
关键字: 易热分解易水溶性金属铵盐；正钼酸铵；正铬酸铵；一步合成；碳酸氢铵
（School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:Thermal unstable and readily water-soluble metal ammonium salts, such as ammonium monomolybdate and ammonium monochromate, exhibit many important application values, but few related preparation studies have been reported due to their complicated preparation processes and harsh storage environment. In this work, we proposed a simple approach for preparing these salts by the reaction of corresponding metal compound precursors (ammonium tetramolybdate ((NH4)2Mo4O13) or chromium trioxide (CrO3)) with ammonium bicarbonate powder in an enclosed environment. The results of X-ray diffraction patterns, thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis curves, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectra show that, these metal ammonium salts synthesized by this novel approach are well consistent with the expected target products. The proposed one-step approach for preparing metal ammonium salts has potential advantages such as simple operations, cost-effectiveness and high efficiency, and may develop a new methodology for the syntheses of such substances.
Key words: thermal unstable and readily water-soluble metal ammonium salts; ammonium monomolybdate; ammonium monochromate; one-step approach; ammonium bicarbonate
