(1. 中国地质大学(北京) 地球科学与资源学院，北京 100083；
2. 中国大洋矿产资源研究开发协会办公室，北京 100860；
3. 自然资源部第二海洋研究所，杭州 310012；
4. 中国科学院海洋研究所，青岛 266071；
5. 自然资源部第一海洋研究所，青岛 266061)
摘 要: 海底热液系统的发现催生了全球大洋多金属硫化物成矿、海底极端生态系统和多圈层相互作用等研究新领域。本文重点从大洋热液硫化物的全球发现、我国大洋硫化物勘探研究的发展历程和技术创新、未来勘探开发的研究热点等方面探讨我国大洋硫化物勘探研究成果和世界发展趋势，提出我国应持续发展大洋多金属硫化物勘探开发理论研究，突破智能、重载、协同、绿色勘探开发技术，迎接未来商业开采时代的到来。
关键字: 大洋；多金属硫化物；海底极端生态系统；热液系统；勘探技术
（1. School of Earth Science and Resources, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China;
2. China Ocean Mineral Resources and Development Association, Beijing 100860, China;
3. Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China;
4. Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;
5. First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China）
Abstract:The discovery of seafloor hydrothermal systems has given rise to new fields of global ocean polymetallic sulfides mineralization, benthic extreme ecosystems and multi-spheric interactions at seafloor. This paper focuses on the global discovery of seafloor polymetallic sulfides exploration and research, the development history and technological innovation of China, and the research hotspots of future exploration and development. China should continue to develop the theoretical research on the exploration and development of seafloor polymetallic sulfides, as well as make a breakthrough in the technologies of intelligence, heavy-duty, synergistic and green exploration and development, in order to meet the coming era of commercial exploitation in the near future.
Key words: ocean; polymetallic sulfide; seafloor extreme ecosystem; hydrothermal system; exploration technology
