(1. 合肥工业大学 工业与装备技术研究院，合肥 230009；
2. 合肥工业大学 材料科学与工程学院，合肥 230009；
3. 合肥工业大学 有色金属与加工技术国家地方联合工程研究中心，合肥 230009；
4. 太原理工大学 新材料界面科学与工程教育部重点实验室，太原 030024)
摘 要: 面对核聚变装置中极端恶劣的服役环境，钨材料的脆性属性已经成为限制其作为面向等离子体材料应用的主要因素。层状增韧作为一种结构增韧方式，属于外韧化增韧机制，被认为是改善脆性材料韧性最有效的方法之一。本文介绍钨作为核聚变装置用面向等离子体材料时面临的挑战及其局限性，突出层状增韧的必要性。阐明层状增韧机制的缘由和特点，指出其韧化机制包括弱界面、强界面增韧和塑性中间层增韧。结合层状增韧机制，归纳和总结当前钨层状材料的研究现状与发展趋势。
关键字: 核聚变装置；面向等离子体材料；钨；外韧化；层状增韧
（1. Industry and Equipment Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China;
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China;
3. National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Nonferrous Metals and Processing Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China;
4. Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China）
Abstract:Facing an extremely harsh service environment in the nuclear fusion devices, the intrinsic brittleness of tungsten materials has become the main factor restricting its application as the plasma facing materials. A structural toughening method of layered toughening belonged external toughening mechanism has been considered to be one of the most effective methods to improve the toughness of brittle materials. To protrude the necessity of layered toughening, the challenges and limitations of tungsten materials as plasma facing materials in nuclear fusion devices was introduced in this work. The provenience and characteristics of the layered toughening mechanism were also clarified. The toughening mechanisms of layered toughening include weak interface toughening, strong interface toughening and plastic intermediate layer toughening. Based on the mechanisms of layered toughening, the current research status and development trends of tungsten layered materials were summarized at the end.
Key words: nuclear fusion device; plasma facing materials; tungsten; external toughening; layered toughening
