(1. 中南大学 材料科学与工程学院，长沙 410083；
2. 武汉理工大学 材料复合新技术国家重点实验室，武汉 430070；
3. Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Monash University, VIC3800, Australia)
摘 要: 化石能源的过度使用引发了一系列严峻的环境问题，有可能在化石能源枯竭前带来十分严重的环境伤害。发展清洁新能源和与之相匹配的高效储能新技术意义特别重大。太阳能绿色环保、取之不尽，“光伏+储能”将最有可能成为能源问题的终极解决方案。经多年研究，钙钛矿太阳能电池已被公认为是最具潜力的系统，目前的主要挑战是器件的稳定性还需突破，对环境友好也还需改善。能量存储方面，将锂离子电池拓展到大规模储能领域，必须克服资源短缺及安全性因素的制约；钠离子电池和水系锌离子电池由于资源、成本、安全和环保等优势明显，在大规模储能领域有很大的发展空间。本文综述了相关关键材料的最新研究进展，主要包括钙钛矿材料、钠/锌离子电池的关键正负极材料。通过关键材料成分、结构和性能本征关系的解析，为高品质钙钛矿太阳能电池和低成本、高比能、长寿命的大规模储能二次电池新系统研发提供指导。
关键字: 光电转换；储能；太阳能电池；钠离子电池；水系锌离子电池；材料科学
（1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China;
3. Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Monash University, VIC3800, Australia）
Abstract:The excessive use of fossil energy has triggered a series of serious environmental problems, which may bring very serious environmental damage before the depletion of fossil energy. The developments of clean new energy and the matched new technologies for efficient energy storage are of great significance. Solar energy is environmentally friendly and inexhaustible. “Photovoltaic + Energy Storage” will be the most promising solution to the energy problem. After years of research, perovskite solar cells have been recognized as the most promising systems, but their stability and environmental issues need to be addressed urgently. In terms of energy storage, expanding the traditional lithium-ion battery into large-scale energy storage must overcome constraints of resource and safety. Sodium-ion battery and aqueous zinc ion battery have great development potential in the field of large-scale energy storage due to their obvious advantages in resources, cost, safety and environmental friendliness. This paper reviews the latest research progress of related key materials, including the perovskite materials, key cathode and anode materials for sodium/zinc ion batteries, in the hope of providing guidance for the development of high-quality perovskite solar cells and large-scale energy storage secondary batteries with low-cost, high-energy, and long-life through the analysis of the intrinsic relationships among material composition, structure, and performance.
Key words: photeelectric conversion; energy storage; solar cell; sodium ion battery; aqueous zinc ion battery; material science
