(1. 中南大学 冶金与环境学院，长沙 410083； 2. 中南大学 中国有色金属工业清洁冶金工程研究中心，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 采用CFD商业软件ANSYS Fluent中VOF多相流模型研究底吹氧气底吹熔池熔炼过程中气泡的生长行为，并研究单气泡在水中的生长破裂行为；在此基础上，再通过底吹炉熔池内部单氧枪的纵切面进行二维数值模拟，分析了熔池内部相分布、气泡的形状、生长频率、直径，以及变形、融合、破裂等过程。结果表明：水中的气泡直径越小、位置越深，停留时间越长。氧枪口处的初始气泡直径为400 mm左右，气泡生成频率约为4 Hz；稳定状态下熔池内部气泡直径分布符合Boltzmann函数分布，直径为0~100 mm的气泡数量占比80%左右；气泡破裂时间比气泡融合时间短，因此气泡更容易破裂，气泡融合后再破裂会搅拌熔体，加强传质传热效果。
关键字: 氧气底吹；熔池熔炼；气泡生长；氧枪；VOF模型；数值模拟；气泡直径
（1. School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; 2. Clean Metallurgical Research Center of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:Based on the commercial CFD software ANSYS Fluent, the VOF model was adopted to study the bubble growth behavior in the process of bottom blowing oxygen. A single bubble was simulated to study the growth and fracture behavior of in the water, and it is found that the resident time of bubble is longer with smaller diameter and deeper position. It provides theoretical guidance for the rising and deformation of bubbles in melt. Again to respectively study the cross section of single lance with the methods of two-dimensional numerical simulation. Also, the phase fraction, the bubble shape, growth frequency and diameter, including the bubble deformation, integration, and rupture process were analyzed. By the researches, the diameter of the initial bubble oxygen gun is about 400 mm in the outlet of oxygen lances, and frequency of the bubble generated is about 4 Hz. The distribution of bubble diameter conforms to the Boltzmann distribution function inside the molten bath under the steady state, bubble ranging from 0 to 100 mm accounts for about 80%. The time of bubble breakdown is shorter than that of bubble fusion, so bubble breakdown fusion is easier. Bubble breakdown can strengthen the melt mixing and enhance effect of mass transfer and heat transfer.
Key words: oxygen bottom blowing; bath smelting; bubble growth; oxygen lance; VOF model; numerical simulation; diameter of bubble
