(1. 哈尔滨工程大学 船舶工程学院，哈尔滨 150003；
2. 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司，广州 510715；
3. 河北科技大学 材料科学与工程学院，石家庄 050018)
摘 要: 采用双面双弧错位TIG填丝立向焊工艺对1561高镁铝合金进行焊接，并对接头的显微组织和力学性能进行分析。结果表明：焊缝中无气孔和裂纹缺陷；1561铝合金双面双弧错位立向焊缝横截面存在着“人”字形粗晶区，粗晶区两侧和下方有细晶区，同时，在部分熔化区出现了范围较窄的粗晶区；正反面焊道的显微硬度均低于母材的，但热影响区并没有表现出明显的软化现象。焊接接头的抗拉强度达到了母材的90%以上，力学性能良好；接头粗晶区的存在与双面双弧错位TIG焊的温度场和熔池流场有关。
关键字: 焊接接头；双面双弧错位立焊；组织非均匀性；维氏硬度
（1. School of Shipbuilding Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150003, China;
2. China State Shipbuilding Corporation Huangpu Wenchong Shipbuilding Company Limited,
Guangzhou 510715, China;
3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology,
Shijiazhuang 050018, China）
Abstract:1561 high magnesium aluminum alloy was welded by double-sided arc misplaced arc welding process, and the microstructure and mechanical properties of the joints were analyzed. The results show that the welds are free of pores and cracks, pores and cracks are not observed in the welds cross section of 1561 aluminum alloy. The herringbone coarse grain zone is observed in the weld cross section of 1561 aluminum alloy by the double-sided arc dislocation vertical welding, mixing fine grain zones on both sides of and below the herringbone coarse grain zone, and there is narrow range of coarse grain zone in the partially melted zone. The microhardness on positive and negative of the weld is lower than that in the base metal, but there is no obvious softening phenomenon in the heat affected zone. The tensile strength of welded joints reaches 90% of that of the base metal, so, the mechanical properties are good. The occurrence of coarse grain zone in the weld is studied and may be related to the temperature field and the flow field of double-sided arc dislocation TIG welding.
Key words: welded joint; double-sided dislocation vertical welding; tissue heterogeneity; Vickers hardness
