(1. 辽宁工程技术大学 矿山热动力灾害与防治教育部重点实验室，阜新 123000；
2. 中南大学 资源与安全工程学院，长沙 410083；
3. 南华大学 核资源工程学院，衡阳 421001)
摘 要: 为揭示硫化矿石自热过程的分形特征，以从现场采集的矿石样品作为实验材料，开展矿石自热特性实验，集成小波技术和分形理论对实测温度数据进行研究。结果表明：仅矿样1、2、3和8出现明显自热现象，自热起始温度分别为136.3、178.5、195.4和200 ℃，在正常采矿条件下，矿石不易产生自热现象；矿样自热过程具有稳定的关联维数，验证了基于分形理论研究自热过程的可行性；在实验条件基本一致的前提下，随着自热起始温度的增大，矿样自热过程的关联维数逐渐减小，可采用关联维数来定性判断自热倾向性强弱；自热效果明显的矿样，其实验后期的关联维数大于实验前期的值，因此，可根据关联维数的变化特征来判定矿样出现明显自热的可能性，从而可减少重复实验的工作量。
关键字: 硫化矿石；自热过程；小波技术；分形理论；关联维数；自热倾向性
（1. Key Laboratory of Mine Thermo-motive Disaster and Prevention, Ministry of Education,
Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China;
2. School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
3. School of Nuclear Resources Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China）
Abstract:To reveal the fractal characteristics of self-heating process of sulfide ores, ore samples from a copper mine were taken as experimental materials, and the self-heating characteristics were measured in laboratory. Furthermore, the measured temperature was studied by integrating wavelet technology and fractal theory. The results indicate that only the ore samples 1, 2, 3 and 8 appear obvious self-heating tendency, and their self-heating initiative temperatures are 136.3, 178.5, 195.4 and 200 ℃, respectively, which mean that they are difficult to show self-heating tendency under normal mining conditions. The correlation dimension of self-heating process of ore samples is stable, meaning that it is feasible to study the self-heating process based on fractal theory. If the experimental conditions are basically consistent, the correlation dimension of self-heating process of ore samples decreases with the increase of he self-heating initiative temperature. So, the correlation dimension can be applied to qualitatively determine the self-heating tendency. For the ore samples appearing obvious self-heating tendency in the experiment, the correlation dimension of the late period is greater than that of the previous period. Therefore, the possibility for obvious self-heating tendency of ore samples can be determined according to the variation characteristics of the correlation dimension, which can reduce the workload of repeated experiments.
Key words: sulfide ore; self-heating process; wavelet technology; fractal theory; correlation dimension; self-heating tendency
