(中南大学 冶金与环境学院，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 针对钨钼冶炼过程中钒难以深度除去的难题，借鉴海洋化学研究中的元素迁移规律，研究采用高价水合氧化物从钨钼冶炼过程中除钒。结果表明：从钨酸钠溶液中除钒，当铁盐添加量按Fe与V摩尔比为40、溶液pH值为8.5~9.0时，除钒率均能达到99%以上。而在相同条件下，当采用水合铝氧化物和锰氧化物作为除钒剂时，除钒率分别只能达到90%和60%，除钒效果明显不及采用铁盐时的。另外，用于在钼酸钠溶液除钒，当铁盐添加量按Fe与V摩尔比为40、溶液pH值 7.5~10.8时，除钒率可达到97%，钼损失率小于5%。而在钼酸铵溶液中，当铁盐添加量按Fe与V摩尔比为10、溶液pH为8.6~9.0时，除钒率在96%以上，同时几乎没有钼损失；当铁盐添加量按Fe与V摩尔比增加到20时，除钒率均高于97%，钼损失率也小于2%。在钨钼冶炼过程中，铁盐可以作为一种有效的除钒试剂。
关键字: 钨酸钠体系；钼酸钠体系；钼酸铵体系；深度除钒；铁盐
（School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:In view of the problem for vanadium removal efficiently in the tungsten or molybdenum smelting process, the V removal by adopting the high valence hydrated oxide was reached by the transferring regularity of elements in the thalassochemistry. The effect of different reagents on the V removal from tungstate solution was firstly investigated. The results show that when different ferric salts are used to remove V, the V removal rate can reach 99% under the conditions of n(Fe)/n(V)=40 and pH 8.5-9.0. Under the same conditions, when the hydrous aluminous oxide and hydrous manganic oxide are used to remove V, the V removal rate only reaches 90% and 60%, respectively. Compared with using ferric salts, hydrous ferric oxide has better vanadium-removal effect. The effect of ferric salt on the V removal from molybdate solution was also investigated. The results show that, as the addition amount of ferric salt (molar ratio of Fe to V) is 40, 97% of V can be removed from sodium molybdate under the conditions of pH 7.5-10.8 and reaction time 60 min, and the Mo loss rate is below 5%. In the ammonium molybdate, the V removal rate can reach 96% under the conditions of n(Fe)/n(V)=10, pH 8.6-9.0 and reaction time 60min, and there is almost no loss of Mo. As the addition of ferric (n(Fe)/n(V)) increases to 20, the V removal rate exceeds 97% and the Mo loss rate is below 2%. The ferric salt is effective reagent for removing V in the process of tungsten and molybdenum smelting.
Key words: sodium tungstate system; sodium molybdate system; ammonium molybdate system; efficient V removal; ferric salt
