(1. 安徽工业大学 冶金与资源学院，马鞍山 243002；2. 东北大学 材料与冶金学院，沈阳 110819)
摘 要: 以NiO和Fe2O3为原料采用固相烧结法合成NiFe2O4尖晶石，通过向其中添加短纤维制备纤维/NiFe2O4惰性阳极材料。为选择适合于NiFe2O4基惰性阳极材料的纤维增强体，对几种纤维在NiFe2O4基体中的高温稳定性进行考察。结果表明，高温下碳纤维、玻璃纤维、氧化铝纤维和碳化硅纤维与NiFe2O4基体是热力学不相容的； 1 200 ℃时镀镍碳纤维和镍纤维不能在基体中稳定存在；1 400 ℃时ZrO2(f)与NiFe2O4基体具有良好的物理和化学相容性，添加3% ZrO2(f) (质量分数)阳极试样的力学性能得到明显改善。因此，ZrO2(f)可作为NiFe2O4基惰性阳极的纤维增强体。
关键字: 铝电解；NiFe2O4；纤维；惰性阳极；稳定性；强韧化
（1. School of Metallurgy and Resources, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, China;
2. School of Materials and Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China）
Abstract:NiFe2O4 spinel was synthesized via solid-state sintering technology using NiO and Fe2O3 as the raw materials, and fiber/NiFe2O4 inert anode materials were prepared by adding short fiber into NiFe2O4. The high temperature stability of some fibers in NiFe2O4 matrix was investigated to select the appropriate fiber reinforcement for NiFe2O4-based inert anode materials. The results indicate that carbon fiber, glass fiber, alumina fiber and silicon carbide fiber are thermodynamically incompatible with the NiFe2O4 matrix, also the nickel-coated carbon fiber and nickel fiber cannot stably exist in the matrix at 1 200 ℃, while ZrO2(f) has favorable physical and chemical compatibility with the NiFe2O4 matrix at 1 400 ℃. The mechanical properties of the anodes samples are improved significantly by adding 3% ZrO2(f) (mass fraction). Therefore, ZrO2(f) can be used as the fiber reinforcement for NiFe2O4-based inert anode.
Key words: alumimum electrolysis; NiFe2O4; fiber; inert anode; stability; strengthening and toughening
