(1. 沈阳工业大学 材料科学与工程学院，沈阳 110023；
2. 北京航空材料研究院，北京 100095)
摘 要: 通过蠕变曲线测定及组织形貌观察，研究固溶及淬火工艺对FGH95镍基合金蠕变行为及变形特征的影响。结果表明：固溶后经油浴冷却的合金的组织结构由不均匀的颗粒及γ′相组成，粗大γ′相在边界区域呈不连续分布，边界区域为γ′相贫化区；经盐浴热处理后合金中无粗大γ′相，晶粒略微长大，晶内细小的γ′相弥散分布，粒状(Ni，Ti)C相沿晶界不连续析出；在650 ℃和1 034 MPa条件下，经盐浴热处理后合金的蠕变寿命较长，测定出该合金的蠕变激活能为542.07 kJ/mol；固溶后经油浴冷却的合金在蠕变期间的变形机制是位错发生双取向滑移，而固溶后经盐浴冷却合金在蠕变期间可形成位错缠结和层错等位错组态，晶界及晶界处不连续析出的粒状碳化物可有效阻碍位错滑移，这是合金具有较高蠕变抗力和较长蠕变寿命的主要原因。
关键字: 高温合金；粉末镍基合金；FGH95镍基合金；热处理；组织结构；蠕变性能
（1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110023, China;
2. Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095, China）
Abstract:The effects of the solution and quenching technics on the microstructure and creep properties of FGH95 nickel-based superalloy were investigated by measurement of creep properties and microstructure observation. The results show that the microstructure of the solution treated alloy cooled by oil bath consists of the inhomogeneous particles and γ′ phase, the relatively thick γ′ phase discontinuously distributes in the boundary region that is poor of fine γ′ phase. No coarse γ′ phase is detected in the molten salt cooled alloy in which the grain size increases slightly and the fine γ′ phase dispersively distributes within the grains, and some of the particle-like (Ni, Ti)C phases precipitate discontinuously along the boundaries. Under the conditions of the applied stress of 1 034 MPa and 650 ℃, the molten salt cooled alloy displays a longer creep lifetime, and the creep activation energy of the alloy is measured to be 542.07 kJ/mol. During the creep, the deformed mechanism of the solution treated alloy cooled in oil bath is that the double orientation slipping of the dislocations is activated, the configuration of the dislocation tangles and stacking fault may be formed in the molten salt cooled alloy. Thereinto, the fact that the particles-like carbides are discontinuously precipitated along the boundary may effectively restrain the dislocation slipping, which is the main reason why this alloy possesses relatively good creep resistance and long creep lifetime.
Key words: high-temperature alloy; P/M nickel-based superalloy; FGH95 superalloy; heat treatment; microstructure; creep properties
