(东北大学有色冶金系，沈阳110006)
摘 要: 在铝电解工业初期，采用分子比3.0左右的电解质，电解温度高达1 000℃；经五十余年后逐渐降低到2.6左右；现在先进的大型电解槽已经使用了分子比为2.1~2.2的电解质，电解温度降低到950℃左右。采用新型电解槽与低温度电解( 850~900℃)也许可使电耗率减少到12000 kW· h/t Al。这时候，铝电解质的分子比和电解法发明人霍尔原来的专利方案接近了，达到了一个新的水平。
关键字: 冰晶石分子比 工业电解质 铝电解
IN ALUMINIUM ELECTROLYSIS
（Department ofNonferrous Metal Metallurgy,
Northeastern University, Shenyang110006）
Abstract:At the first period of aluminium industry, the cryolite ratio of electrolyte was about 3.0(in mol), and the temperature of electrolysis was about 1000℃. During recent 50 years, the cryolite ratio decreased down to 2.6. At present time it decreased further to 2.1~2.2 in some advanced, high current cells, and the bath temperature reached as low as 950℃. In these advanced cells the current efficiency reached 92%~94% and energy consumption 12000kW·h/t Al. The future development is to use electrolyte with very low ratio less than 2.0.
Key words: cryolite ratio industrial electrolyte aluminium electrolysis
