(*山东矿业学院地科系，泰安271019；
**中南工业大学资开系，长沙，410083)
摘 要: 以空间向量几何理论为基础，详细地分析了Causs-Markov线性模型的几何性质；在实现了模型图形化描述的基础上，利用各解向量的几何及统计性质构造出了不同情形下的统计检验方法和相应的检验统计量，为全面、深入地研究和灵活运用该模型提出了一种简洁直观的数学方法。
关键字: 线性子空间 几何特性 统计特性 约束条件 统计检验 统计量
（1.shandong Institute of Mining and Technology,Taian 271019;
2.Central-South University of Technology, Changsh 410083;
3.shandong Institute of Mining and Technology,Taian 271019）
Abstract:Based on the geometrical theory of spatial vectors,the geometrical features of a Gauss-Markov model are analysed in detail.Following the graphical description of the model,some statistics in different cases are established using their geometrical and statistical features,which presented a pithy and direct method for people to fully and deeply study and flexibly use the model.
Key words: linear subspace geometrical feature statistical feature constraint condition statistical test
