(1. 中南工业大学冶金物理化学与新材料研究所，长沙 410083;
2. 哈尔滨工业大学应用化学系，哈尔滨 150001)
摘 要: 采用物理充氢方法活化贮氢合金，并以此方法进行氢电极的预充电。考察了压力，温度对合金活化的影响，得出氢化物形成的最低阈值温度为50 ℃。用析气法评价活化效果，确定最佳活化条件为压力1.6 MPa及温度100 ℃，经此条件活化的电极，充电效率是97.87%。研究了物理方法给贮氢电极预充电的条件及预充电量衰减规律，结果显示此法能提供较宽的工艺操作范围，在60 ℃和0.8 MPa氢气压强下进行贮氢电极的预充电, 能满足控制预充量的要求，这对实现Ni/MH电池的封口化成有重要的实际意义。
关键字: 贮氢合金；电极；物理活化
（1. Institute of Metallurgical Physical Chemistry and New Materials,
Central South University of Technology, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
2. Department of applied Chemistry, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China）
Abstract:The physical activation and precharge process of Ce-rich hydrogen storage alloy have been proposed and the effects of temperature and pressure on the amount of hydrogen absorbed by alloy during activation process have been investigated. The threshold temperature of metal hydride formation during the activation of alloy was founded to be 50 ℃. The optimum activation condition is established as 1.6 MPa and 100 ℃, under which the charging efficiency of hydride electrode is 97. 87%. These experiments indicate the result of physical activation is parallel to that of conventional electrochemical one. Moreover, the physical precharge of hydride electrode and the diminution of precharge capacity were also investigated. The results show that physical precharge techniques make controllable precharge available and supply a broad technical operating scope when metal hydride electrode is precharged under the condition of 0.8 MPa and 60 ℃. The study has practical sense to the sealed formation of Ni/MH battery.
Key words: physical activation; hydrogen storage alloys; electrodes
