(中南大学 资源与安全工程学院，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 地下资源开采及地下空间开发利用规模不断加大，促使非爆破岩技术得到了长足发展，并衍生出机械刀具破岩、水力破岩、微波破岩、热冲击破岩、膨胀破岩、联合破岩等技术。本文阐述了各类非爆破岩理论，并综述了各类非爆破岩技术的发展与应用进程。针对目前非爆破岩技术的发展瓶颈和面临的挑战，展望了非爆破岩理论与技术的发展方向。为满足深地战略重大需求，非爆破岩亟需完成理论突破、技术变革、设备升级，以实现复杂地质环境下坚硬岩石的安全、高效、经济、智能及绿色破碎。
关键字: 非爆破岩；深部硬岩；机械刀具破岩；水力破岩；微波破岩；热冲击破岩；联合破岩
（School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The continuous increase in the scale of underground resource mining and underground space development and utilization have promoted the rapid development of non-blasting rock breakage technologies, such as mechanical, hydraulic, microwave, thermal impact, expansion, combined and other rock breakage methods. This paper expounded various non-blasting rock breakage theories, and summarized the development and application processes of various non-blasting rock breakage technologies. Aiming at the current bottleneck and challenges of non-blasting rock breakage, the development direction of non-blasting rock breakage theory and technology was prospected. In order to meet the major requirements of “deep-ground” strategies, non-blasting rock breakage urgently needs to complete theoretical breakthroughs, technological changes, and equipment upgrades to achieve safe, efficient, economical, intelligent and green breakage of hard rocks in complex geological environments.
Key words: non-blasting rock breakage; deep hard rock; mechanical tool-based rock breakage; hydraulic rock breakage; microwave rock breakage; thermal impact-based rock breakage; combined rock breakage
