(西安科技大学 化学与化工学院，西安 710054)
摘 要: 菱镁矿是我国优势矿产资源，常与白云石、方解石、绿泥石、滑石和石英等脉石矿物紧密伴生。矿物晶体结构、表面性质和溶液化学特性决定了菱镁矿浮选分离难度，同时，矿物分选效率还与浮选药剂性能密切相关。本文综述了菱镁矿及其共伴生脉石矿物晶体各向异性与表面性质，总结归纳了高效浮选药剂的设计合成、筛选、组合用药和构效关系，以及溶液化学因素(如难免金属离子和矿物交互作用)对矿物表面性质和浮选药剂吸附的影响、表面粗糙度与矿物浮选行为的关系。基于此，初步明确了菱镁矿浮选化学研究现状以及发展趋势，为菱镁矿高效分选提供理论依据与参考。
关键字: 菱镁矿；浮选化学；表面性质；晶体化学；溶液化学；浮选药剂
（College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, China）
Abstract:Magnesite is a dominant mineral resource in China. It is often closely associated with gangue minerals such as dolomite, calcite, chlorite, talc, and quartz. The difficulty of flotation separation of magnesite is mainly determined by the crystal structure, surface properties and solution chemical properties. Meanwhile, the efficiency of magnesite separation is also closely related to the performance of flotation reagents. The crystal anisotropy and surface properties of magnesite and its associated gangue minerals were summarized in this paper. The design, synthesis, screening, combination and structure-activity relationship of high-efficiency flotation reagents were reviewed. In addition, the influence of solution chemical factors (such as unavoidable metal ions and minerals interactions) on mineral surface properties and adsorption of flotation reagents, as well as the relationship between surface roughness and mineral flotation were also reviewed. Based on the above mentioned, the research status and development prospect of magnesite flotation chemistry were preliminary cleared, which would provide a theoretical basis and reference for efficient flotation separation of magnesite.
Key words: magnesite; flotation chemistry; surface property; crystal chemistry; solution chemistry; flotation reagents
