(1. 湖南科技大学 材料科学与工程学院，高功效轻合金构件成形技术及耐损伤性能评价 湖南省工程研究中心，高温耐磨材料及制备技术湖南省国防科技重点实验室，新能源储存与转换先进材料湖南省重点实验室，湘潭 411201；
2. 华南理工大学 广东省精密装备与制造技术重点实验室，广州 510641；
3. 重庆市科学技术研究院，重庆 401123)
摘 要: 综述了镁-稀土合金在挤压、轧制和大塑性变形技术方面的研究进展，介绍变形温度、变形速度、挤压比等对挤压材组织和力学性能的影响，发现通过变形工艺调控获得细晶或形成双峰分布晶粒可提高合金的力学性能。概述了镁-稀土合金轧制变形的研究进展，发现通过工艺调控形成双峰分布晶粒或引入层错可制备超高强镁合金，总结了等通道转角挤压、高压扭转和多向锻造对合金组织和力学性能的影响，发现大塑性变形技术尤其是高压扭转技术是制备纳米级超细晶的有效方法，但大塑性变形技术的工艺相较于挤压、轧制变形更复杂，成本更高，且制备的样品尺寸往往较小。最后，对镁-稀土合金塑性变形技术的发展方向提出了建议。
关键字: 镁-稀土合金；挤压；轧制；大塑性变形；力学性能
（1. High-efficiency Light Alloy Component Forming Technology and Damage Resistance Evaluation Hunan Engineering Research Center, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China;
2. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Precision Equipment and Manufacturing Technique, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China;
3. Chongqing Academy of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401123, China）
Abstract:This paper reviewed the research progress of magnesium-rare earth alloys in extrusion, rolling and severe plastic deformation (SPD) technologies. The effects of deformation temperature, deformation speed and extrusion ratio on microstructure and mechanical properties of the extruded samples were introduced. It is indicated that grain refinement or formation of bimodal-grained structure through deformation process control can improve the mechanical properties of the alloy. The research progress on rolling deformation of magnesium-rare earth alloy was summarized, it is found that the ultra-high strength magnesium alloy can be fabricated by forming bimodal-grained structure or introducing stacking faults through process control. The effects of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), high-pressure torsion (HPT) and multi-directional forging (MDF) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of alloys were summarized. It is exhibited that SPD technology, especially HPT, is an effective method for preparing nanometer-scale ultrafine grains. Compared with extrusion and rolling, the process is more complicated and expensive, and the size of the prepared samples is often smaller. Finally, the suggestions were provided for the development direction of magnesium-rare earth alloy plastic deformation technology.
Key words: Mg-RE alloys; extrusion; rolling; severe plastic deformation; mechanical property
