(1. 太原理工大学 化学化工学院，太原 030024；
2. 太原理工大学 山西省民用洁净燃料工程研究中心，太原 030024；
3. 太原理工大学 煤科学与技术教育部和山西省重点实验室，太原 030024)
摘 要: 以红土镍矿为研究对象，重点考察添加Na2CO3对红土镍矿的H2还原影响规律。对还原焙烧矿物采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和热重-质谱联用(TG-MS)等技术进行表征。结果表明：在还原温度为1000 ℃，还原时间为90 min，H2浓度为45%(体积分数)，Na2CO3的添加量为15%(质量分数)时，可得镍品位为3.02%、镍回收率96.75%的精矿。Na2CO3对红土镍矿的修饰作用机理的本质为，Na2CO3中的Na+通过与红土镍矿中的Mg-Si-O以及Ni-Mg-O体系发生反应，取代全部Ni2+以及部分Mg2+，从而破坏硅镍酸盐及硅镁酸盐的结构，进而使赋存于硅酸盐类中的镍元素被释放出来，有利于后续镍的富集提取。
关键字: 红土镍矿；Na2CO3；H2；还原焙烧；机理
（1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China;
2. Shanxi Engineering Center of Civil Clean Fuel, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology of Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China）
Abstract:This article takes laterite nickel ore as the research object, and focuses on the influence of Na2CO3 on the H2 reduction of laterite nickel ore. The reduced roasted minerals were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric mass spectrometry (TG-MS). The results show that, when the reduction temperature is 1000 ℃, the reduction time is 90 min, the H2 concentration is 45% (volume fraction), and the addition amount of Na2CO3 is 15% (mass fraction), the available nickel grade is 3.02%, and the nickel recovery rate is 96.75%. The essence of the modification mechanism of Na2CO3 on laterite nickel ore is that the ion Na+ in Na2CO3 reacts with the Mg-Si-O and Ni-Mg-O system in laterite nickel ore to replace all of Ni2+ and part of Mg2+, which destroys the structure of nickel silicate and magnesium silicate, and then releases the nickel element that occurs in the silicate, which is conductive to subsequent enrichment and extraction.
Key words: laterite nickel ore; Na2CO3; H2; reduction roasting; mechanism
