(中南大学 冶金与环境学院，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 本文以废电视机线路板破碎分选的铜粉和纤维粉两种产物为原料，采用化学分析和物相分析等，研究了废线路板破碎分选产物的工艺矿物学。金属含量测定结果表明：废线路板铜粉中铜含量的测定适合采用滴定法，且经误差分析确定样品最佳取样量为5 g；采用自动矿物分析仪(MLA)检测并确定了废线路板铜粉和纤维粉末中各金属的赋存形态：铜以单质形式存在，铅和锡则以焊锡形式存在，镍和锌则以合金形式存在，铝有单质铝和三氧化二铝两种存在形态；废线路板破碎分选产物纤维粉中有机物含量远高于铜粉中的；废线路板破碎分选时，铜箔、焊锡和表面残余物等金属组分易于进入铜粉中，而玻璃纤维布、黏结剂和阻焊油则主要进入纤维粉中。
关键字: 废印刷线路板；铜粉；工艺矿物学；焊锡
（School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:In this study, the process mineralogy of the copper powder and fiber powder broken and sorted by waste printed circuit board(WPCB) was studied by means of chemical analysis and phase analysis. The results of metal content testing show that the titration method is suitable for the analysis of copper in WPCB copper powder due to its high content. The error analysis results of sampling mass show that the optimal sampling mass is 5 g. The MLA results of copper powder and fiber powder of WPCB show that copper exists as metal, the lead and tin exist in the form of solder, nickel and zinc exist in the form of alloy, and aluminum exists in the form of metal and oxide. The content of organics in the fiber powder of WPCB crushing and sorting products is much higher than that of copper powder. In the process of crushing and sorting of WPCB, metal components, such as copper foil, solder and surface residue, are easy to enter the copper powder, while the glass fiber, binder and solder resistance oil mainly distribute into the fiber powder.
Key words: waste printed circuit board; copper powder; process mineralogy; soldering
