(1. 北京科技大学 土木与资源工程学院，北京 100083；
2. 北京科技大学 金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室，北京 100083)
摘 要: 为提高非胶结细粒级尾砂膏体的流动性能，探究不同减水剂对细粒级尾砂膏体料浆流动性的影响，以及絮凝剂对减水剂作用的影响，采用流变仪进行了不同类型、不同用量下减水剂对料浆静态屈服应力的影响实验，通过对比实验和理论分析，解释减水剂的影响机理。结果表明：絮凝剂在常规用量下对尾砂料浆的流动性和减水剂作用效果均具有抑制作用；无机盐类和木质素类减水剂均可显著减小料浆静态屈服应力，同等用量下三聚磷酸钠改善流动性的效果最好；聚羧酸系减水剂在一定用量范围内将增大料浆静态屈服应力，随着用量进一步增加，减水剂将减小料浆静态屈服应力从而改善流动性。最后从聚羧酸分子特性出发，分析不同用量下其改善与降低细粒级尾砂膏体流动性的作用机理。
关键字: 膏体充填；减水剂；静态屈服应力；聚丙烯酰胺；絮凝
（1. School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, Ministry of Education, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:To improve the fluidity of fine-grained tailings paste without cementing agent, the effects of different plasticizers on the fluidity of fine-grained tailings paste were explored, the effect of flocculant on the performance of plasticizer was investigated. Experiments for the effects of different types and amounts of plasticizers on the static yield stress of the slurry were carried out, and the effect mechanism was explained through the results of comparative experiments and theoretical analysis. The results show that the flocculant has a negative effect on the fluidity of the tailings slurry and the performance of plasticizer under the conventional dosage. Both inorganic salt plasticizers and lignin plasticizers can significantly reduce the static yield stress of the slurry. Sodium tripolyphosphate has the best effect on improving fluidity under the same dosage. The polycarboxylic acid plasticizer will increase the static yield stress of the slurry within a certain range of dosage, and will reduce the static yield stress and improve fluidity of the slurry with further increase in the dosage. Finally, starting from the molecular characteristics of polycarboxylic acid, the mechanism of improving and reducing the fluidity of fine-grained tailings paste under different dosages of polycarboxylic acid was analyzed.
Key words: paste backfill; plasticizer; static yield stress; polyacrylamide; flocculation
