(1. 北京科技大学 金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室，北京 100083；
2. 北京科技大学 土木与资源工程学院，北京 100083)
摘 要: 为揭示不均匀块度分布条件下的崩落矿岩运移演化机理，开展矿岩散体流动特性物理与数值试验研究。从放出体形态变化规律和矿岩散体空隙率、平均配位数及其概率分布等方面对不同块度级配和堆积体系下的崩落矿岩流动特性进行了量化研究。结果表明：在所研究的不同散体块度级配取值范围内，散体平均粒径越大，则放出体最大宽度越大；矿岩散体堆积体系的空隙率随高度的增大而增大，颗粒平均配位数均随高度的增大而减小。颗粒平均配位数的概率分布符合高斯分布，峰值范围内的颗粒平均配位数约为7~11；随着散体堆积状态由自然堆积向密实堆积转变，散体堆积体系结构的各向异性程度变大，放矿所得放出体形态由倒置水滴形转变为正置水滴形，放出体最大宽度变小。研究结果可为建立基于矿岩颗粒体系结构特征的统一放出体形态表征模型提供有力支撑。
关键字: 放矿；不均匀块度；堆积方式；崩落矿岩；流动特性；刚性块体模型
（1. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. School of Civil and Resources Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:In order to reveal the migration and evolution mechanism of caved ore and rock under the condition of inhomogeneous particle size distribution, a series of physical and numerical draw experiments were carried out to study the flow characteristics of caved ore and rock. The flow characteristics of caved ore and rock were quantitatively studied under different particle size distributions and particle packing systems from the aspects of the IEZ’s shape change law, void ratio, the average coordination number and its probability distribution of caved ore and rock. The main research results prove that, in the range of different particle size distribution values studied, the larger the average particle size is, the larger the IEZ’s maximal width is. The void ratio of packing system of caved ore and rock increases with the increase of spatial height, while the average coordination number of particles decreases with the increase of spatial height. The probability distribution of the particle average coordination number conforms to the Gaussian distribution, and the average coordination number of particles in the peak range is about 7-11. With the change of packing state from natural packing to dense packing, the anisotropy degree of the packing system of caved ore and rock becomes greater, the IEZ’s shape changes from the upside down drop shape to the normal drop shape, and the IEZ’s maximal width is smaller, which can provide a strong support for the establishment of a unified IEZ characterization model based on the structural characteristics of particle system of caved ore and rock.
Key words: draw; inhomogeneous particle size; packing pattern; caved ore and rock; flow characteristics; rigid block model
