(南昌航空大学 航空制造工程学院，南昌 330063)
摘 要: 针对三维角联锁机织纤维增强铝基复合材料，通过细观力学数值模拟与实验结合的方法，研究制备降温热收缩变形行为、残余应力分布及其对组元材料的影响。结果表明：复合材料宏观热收缩应变的计算曲线与实验曲线吻合较好，制备完成后基体合金主要处于残余拉应力状态，最大残余拉应力(266.6 MPa)出现在纱线附近的基体合金区域内，而经纱和纬纱均处于残余压应力状态，且最大残余压应力主要出现在经纱部分；不均匀分布的残余应力使得纱线周围的基体合金和界面区域出现不同程度的损伤，经纱与纬纱搭接区域的基体合金损伤程度较大并出现局部的界面失效现象；增大纬纱的层间距或减小经纱的层间距，有助于降低复合材料内部残余拉应力和压应力水平。
关键字: 三维角联锁；铝基复合材料；热收缩行为；残余应力；细观力学
（School of Aeronautical Manufacturing Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China）
Abstract:In this paper, the thermal shrinkage deformation behavior, residual stress distribution and its effect on component materials of 3D angle interlocking woven fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composites were studied by using mesomechanics numerical simulation and experiments. The results show that the calculated macroscopic thermal shrinkage strain curve agrees well with the experimental curve. The matrix alloy in the as-prepared composites mainly is in residual tensile stress state, and the maximum residual tensile stress (266.6 MPa) occurs in the matrix alloy nearby yarns. Both the warp yarns and the weft yarns are in residual compressive stress state, and the maximum residual compressive stress mainly appears on the warp yarns. The inhomogeneous thermal residual stress results in the nonuniform damage state of matrix alloy and interface. The damage of matrix alloy between the warp and weft yarns is more serious than other area, which results in a local interface failure. The increase of weft interlayer spacing or decrease of warp interlayer spacing could be expected to reduce the maximum residual stress in the as-prepared composites.
Key words: 3D angle interlocking; aluminum matrix composites; thermal shrinkage behavior; residual stress; mesomechanics
