(1. 北京科技大学 材料科学与工程学院，北京 100083；
2. 沧州华海炼油化工有限责任公司，沧州 061000)
摘 要: 结合分子动力学模拟与摩擦学实验，从微观与宏观尺度分别对含亚磷酸二正丁酯(T304)、硫代磷酸复酯铵(T307)以及二烷基二硫代磷酸酯(DDE)的铝材轧制油的摩擦学性能进行研究。基于分子动力学模拟研究铝材轧制油的分子吸附能与限制剪切摩擦因数；利用四球摩擦磨损实验研究轧制油的极压性能；利用万能摩擦磨损实验研究轧制油的减摩性能；进行轧制实验并通过EDS对铝板的轧后表面进行分析。结果表明：上述三种添加剂均可以使铝材轧制油获得优异的极压性能与减摩性能，其中，添加T304后轧制油性能最佳。在基础油中添加1%(质量分数)T304时，获得的铝材轧制油油膜强度达到1117 N，相比于基础油，其油膜强度提高235%，摩擦因数减小41%，轧后铝板表面质量大幅度提升。基于分子动力学模拟，可预测铝材轧制油的极压、减摩等使用性能，并在微观尺度分析其作用机理，且模拟数据准确可靠，满足高效制备优异性能的铝材轧制油需求。
关键字: 铝材轧制油；添加剂；分子动力学模拟；摩擦学性能；限制剪切
（1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Huahai Refinery and Petrochemical Co., Ltd., Cangzhou 061000, China）
Abstract:The tribological properties of aluminum rolling oil added with dibutyl phosphite(T304), ammonium diphosphate(T307) and dialkyl dithiophosphate(DDE) were studied by molecular dynamics simulation and tribological experiments. The molecular adsorption energy and the confined shear friction coefficient of the rolling oil were studied by molecular dynamics simulation. The extreme pressure performance of the rolling oil was studied by four-ball wear tester. The antifriction performance of the rolling oil was studied by steel-aluminum friction pairs. And the rolled surface morphology of aluminum strip was also studied by EDS. The results show that all aluminum rolling oil has excellent extreme pressure and friction reduction properties after adding additives, among which T304 is the best. When 1% (mass fraction) T304 is added to the base oil, the maximum non-seizure load reaches 1117 N. The friction coefficient decreases by 41%. And the rolled surface morphology of aluminum strip is the optimal. Based on the molecular dynamics simulation, the extreme pressure and antifriction performance of aluminum rolling oil can be predicted in micro scale. And the mechanism was also analyzed in micro scale. The simulation data are accurate and reliable, which can meet the demand of high-efficiency preparation of aluminum rolling oil with excellent performance.
Key words: aluminum rolling oil; additive; molecular dynamics simulation; tribological property; confined shear
