(1. 北京科技大学 土木与资源工程学院，北京 100083；
2. 北京科技大学 金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室，北京 100083；
3. 北京科技大学 城市地下空间工程北京市重点实验室，北京 100083)
摘 要: 通过X射线衍射、热重、扫描电镜等手段联合强度实验，从宏微观角度对比分析了3种典型胶结料的水化特性，考察胶结料种类、温度、料浆配比、超细颗粒含量对全尾砂固化特性的影响。结果表明：冶金渣胶结材料通过碱激发、盐激法、耦合激发可完全消耗自身产生的氢氧化钙，生成额外凝胶类水化产物，有利于尾砂胶结；冶金渣胶结材料仅需水泥一半的灰砂比即可获得同等固化性能；超细颗粒对充填体早期强度的影响更显著；在40 ℃高温养护下，充填体的早期强度与20 ℃养护的后期强度有线性关系，可据此实现材料质量的快速检测。冶金渣充填胶结材料在实际应用中需考虑成本、地域性特征，完善等级标号相关标准与评价体系，关注热应力对充填体长期稳定性的影响。
关键字: 冶金渣；超细全尾砂；胶结充填；胶凝材料；固化特性
（1. School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of High Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mine, Ministry of Education, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
3. Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Underground Space Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:The hydration properties of 3 typical backfill binders were experimentally investigated from macro and micro perspectives through X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope and strength tests. The effects of binder type, temperature, mixture composition and ultra-fine particle content on the tailings solidification characteristics were explored. The findings reveal that metallurgical slag-based binder (MSB) can completely consume self-generated calcium hydroxide to produce more gel-like products through alkali, sulfate and combined activation methods, which is favorable for binding ultra-fine tailings. The similar mechanical strength is obtained for MSB-CPB at halved cement to tailings ratio compared to ordinary Portland cement. Ultra-fine particles have a more significant impact on the backfill early strength. High-temperature of 40 ℃ curing accelerates the early MSB-CPB strength, which is proportional to the long-term strength at normal 20 ℃ curing. This correlation can be applied for the material quality fast check. The material cost and regional variance should be considered when employing the MSB in a practical case. Some related standards and grade level evaluation systems should be improved. Attention should be paid to the effects of heat stress and high ambient temperature on the MSB-CPB long-term stability.
Key words: metallurgical slag; ultra-fine tailings; cemented backfill; cementitious material; bounding property
