(1. 昆明理工大学 冶金节能减排教育部工程研究中心，昆明 650093；
2. 昆明理工大学 冶金化工节能环保技术国家地方联合工程研究中心，昆明 650093；
3. 云南铜业股份有限公司，昆明 650000)
摘 要: 为了高效资源化利用铜火法冶炼过程的铜熔渣固体废弃物，研究了直接熔融调控-控温冷凝注模成型制备陶瓷材料的影响因素。结果表明：直接熔融炭热还原分离出铜熔渣中部分有价金属铁、并有效控制熔渣中的组分比例，为熔渣陶瓷化提供了原料的基础条件，控温冷却能有效控制熔渣冷凝过程中的晶粒生长和晶粒化程度。控温冷却的过程如下，先以1~10 ℃/s的冷却速率快速冷却至退火温度500 ℃时保温 2 h，再以10 ℃/min的升温速率升温至最佳晶化温度900 ℃时保温5 h，随着炉温冷却至室温，从而制得成型玻璃陶瓷；制备的成型玻璃陶瓷结构致密且平整度良好，抗弯强度可达42.5 MPa，抗压强度达到165.8 MPa。
关键字: 铜熔渣；炭热还原；控温冷凝；晶化
（1. Engineering Research Center of Metallurgical Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction, Ministry of Education, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
2. National Engineering Research Center for Metallurgical Chemical Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
3. Yunnan Copper Co., Ltd., Kunming 650000, China）
Abstract:In this paper, the factors directly affecting the production of ceramic materials by melting control and temperature control condensation injection molding were studied in order to efficiently utilize the solid waste resources of copper slag in the process of copper pyrometallurgy. The results show that, directly using molten carbon thermal reduction to separate the valuable metal iron from copper slag and effectively controlling the proportion of components in the slag can provide the basic conditions for slag vitrification; temperature-controlled cooling can effectively control the growth of grain and degree of crystallization in the process of slag condensation. The process of temperature controlled cooling are as follows: firstly, the materials are cooled to 500 ℃ at the rate of 1-10 ℃/s and maintained for 2 h; the materials are heated to 900 ℃ at the rate of 10 ℃/min and maintained for 5 h; then, along with the furnace temperature, the materials are cooled to room temperature and made into glass ceramic materials. The structure of the glass-ceramic materials are compact and smooth, with bending strength of 42.5 MPa and compressive strength of 165.8 MPa.
Key words: copper slag; carbo thermal reduction; temperature-controlled condensation; crystallization
