(1. 内蒙古工业大学 矿业学院，呼和浩特 010051；
2. 北京科技大学 金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室，北京 100083)
摘 要: 为揭示粉煤灰掺量对泵送膏体充填料浆抗离析性能的影响规律，通过物化试验分析粉煤灰颗粒形状、粒径和组成物质。根据泵送膏体充填料浆中粗骨料颗粒在水平管道、垂直管道和采场内的受力状态，提出了抗离析性能指数K。为验证该指数，开展不同掺量流变、泌水率和分层度试验，发现掺量与K指数呈正比关系，K指数与泌水率和分层度呈反比关系。结合泌水机理、絮网理论、膏体定义和曲线估计对试验结果分析。结果表明：粉煤灰可充当细骨料掺入泵送膏体充填料浆；K指数可定量表示泵送膏体充填料浆抗离析能力，当K≥1时，料浆不易离析且K值越大抗离析性能越强；当K＜1时，料浆则极易离析；将粉煤灰掺入泵送膏体充填料浆可有效提高抗离析性能,但存在阀值40%；结合掺量-K指数(R2=0.978)模型、K指数-饱和率(R2=0.988)模型、膏体定义和粉煤灰掺量(5%、10.5%和15%)，充填料浆室内试验确定粉煤灰合理掺量区间为10.4%~12%，合理的K指数区间为25.79~28.19，且掺量-K指数计算模型相对误差分别为2.5%、0.16%和0.58%，精度较高，可为现场制备高质量泵送膏体充填料浆提供理论基础和指导。
关键字: 地下采矿；泵送膏体充填料浆；粉煤灰掺量；抗离析性能
（1. Institute of Mining Technology, Inner Mongol University of Technology, Huhhot 010051, China;
2. Key Laboratory of High Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mine, Ministry of Education, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:To reveal the influence of the fly ash content on the anti-segregation performance of the pumped paste filling slurry, the shape, particle size and composition of fly ash particles were analyzed through physicochemical tests. Then, according to the pumping paste filling slurry in coarse aggregate particles in horizontal and vertical pipes, the stress of the public-listed segregation resistance index K was tested. To test the index, the rheological, exudation rate and delamination degree tests were carried out. The results indicate that the fly ash content and K index are positively correlated and the K index and bleeding rate exhibit an inversely proportional relationship. Combined with the mechanism of bleeding, flocculation theory, paste definition and curve estimation, the experimental results show that the fly ash can be used as a fine aggregate to mix into the slurry of the pumping paste filling; the K index quantitatively represents the anti-segregation ability of the pumped paste filling slurry. When K≥1, the slurry does not easily segregate, and the higher the value of K is, the stronger the anti-segregation performance will be. When K＜1, the slurry easily segregates. The addition of fly ash into the pumping paste filling slurry can effectively improve the anti-segregation performance, but there is a threshold value of 40%. A reasonable range for the fly ash content is 10.4%-12%, and a reasonable range for the K index is 25.79-28.19. These ranges are based on the model of the dose-K index (R2=0.978), the model of K-index saturation (R2=0.988), the paste definition and the laboratory test of fly ash contents of 5%, 10.5% and 15% in filling slurry. The relative errors of the dose-K index calculation models are 2.5%, 0.16% and 0.58%, respectively, which demonstrate a high accuracy and provide a theoretical basis and guidance for the field preparation of high-quality pumping paste filling slurry.
Key words: underground mining; pumping paste filling slurry; fly ash content; anti-segregation performance
