(1. 内蒙古科技大学 能源与环境学院，包头 014010；
2. 华中科技大学 环境科学与工程学院，武汉 430074)
摘 要: 本文采用KHCO3活化制备多孔活性炭(Porous activated carbon, PAC)，然后用水热法制备磁性多孔活性炭/铁酸钙复合材料(PAC/CF)，考察其对水溶液中钍(Ⅳ)的吸附特性，并通过扫描电镜、比表面积分析仪、X射线衍射、傅里叶变换红外光谱、振动样品磁强计和Zeta电位等手段对复合材料进行表征，验证其合成的可靠性及磁分离性能，揭示其吸附机制。结果表明：PAC与磁性铁酸钙(Calcium ferrite, CF)成功复合并能有效吸附废水中的钍(Ⅳ)。在pH=4.0、投加量为0.4 g/L、吸附时间为50 min的最佳条件下，PAC/CF对钍(Ⅳ)的吸附量可达129.8 mg/g。PAC/CF对钍(Ⅳ)的吸附动力学符合准二级模型，吸附等温线符合Langmuir模型，热力学参数表明吸附反应是自发吸热的。PAC/CF对钍(Ⅳ)的吸附机理为静电吸附、离子交换和配位反应，pH和离子强度对PAC/CF吸附钍(Ⅳ)的影响较为显著，PAC/CF可再生得以循环利用。
关键字: 多孔活性炭；铁酸钙；磁性复合材料；钍(IV)；吸附
（1. School of Energy and Environment, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, China;
2. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China）
Abstract:In this study, KHCO3 was used as the activator to prepare porous activated carbon (PAC), then the magnetic porous activated carbon/calcium ferrite composite (PAC/CF) was prepared by hydrothermal method. The adsorption characteristics of PAC/CF on thorium(Ⅳ) in aqueous solution were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, specific surface area analyzer, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer and Zeta potential. And that verified the reliability and magnetic separation performance of the synthesized PAC/CF and revealed its adsorption mechanism. The results show that PAC and calcium ferrite (CF) are successfully combined and can effectively adsorb thorium(Ⅳ) in wastewater. The adsorption capacity of PAC/CF for thorium(Ⅳ) can reach 129.8 mg/g under the optimal conditions of pH=4.0, dosage of 0.4 g/L and adsorption time of 50 min. The adsorption kinetics of thorium(Ⅳ) by PAC/CF conforms to the quasi-second-order model, the adsorption isotherm conforms to the Langmuir model and the thermodynamic parameters indicate that the adsorption reaction is spontaneous endothermic. The adsorption mechanism of PAC/CF to thorium(Ⅳ) is electrostatic adsorption, ion exchange and coordination reaction. The effects of pH and ionic strength on the adsorption of thorium(Ⅳ) by PAC/CF are more significant, and PAC/CF can be regenerated and recycled.
Key words: porous activated carbon; CaFe2O4; magnetic composite material; Th(Ⅳ); adsorption
