(1. 北京科技大学 钢铁共性技术协同创新中心，北京 100083；
2. 北京科技大学 钢铁冶金新技术国家重点实验室，北京 100083)
摘 要: 燃料电池(SOFC)是一种能够将化学能直接转化为电能的清洁能源转换装置，根据电解质材料传导离子的不同，可将电解质分为氧离子导体型和质子导体型两种，因而SOFC可分为氧离子导体SOFC (O-SOFC)和质子导体 SOFC(H-SOFC)。传统的高温O-SOFC已经发展多年，制备技术成熟，在高温下性能优越，但是随着电池工作条件往中低温发展，质子传导型固体氧化物燃料电池(H-SOFC)具有更低的工作温度、更小的活化能值和更高的电池效率，因而得到了研究者的广泛关注和发展。本文主要介绍了质子传导型固体氧化物燃料电池的结构、工作原理，并在此基础上着重分析了近年来质子传导型燃料电池的材料包括单相阴极、复合阴极、BaCeO3和BaZrO3形成的固溶体电解质、阳极改性以及性能优化等主要研究方向和发展趋势。分析了目前阳极和电解质种类少、阴极催化活性低的问题。
关键字: 固体氧化物燃料电池；质子传导型；阴极；中低温
（1. Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a clean energy conversion device that can directly convert chemical energy into electrical energy. According to the difference in ions conducted by the electrolyte material, the electrolyte can be divided into an oxygen ion conductor type and a proton conductor type. Therefore, SOFC can be divided into two types: oxygen ion conductor SOFC (O-SOFC) and proton conductor SOFC (H-SOFC). The traditional high-temperature O-SOFC has been developed for many years, the preparation technology is mature, and the performance is superior at high temperatures. However, as the battery working conditions develop towards medium and low temperatures, the proton conduction solid oxide fuel cell (H-SOFC) has a lower operating temperature, a smaller activation energy value and a higher battery efficiency, which has attracted wide attention and development of researchers. This article mainly introduced the structure and working principle of proton conduction solid oxide fuel cell, and on this basis, focused on analyzing the materials of proton conduction fuel cell in recent years, including single-phase cathode, composite cathode, solid solution electrolyte formed by BaCeO3 and BaZrO3;The main research direction and development trend of anode modification and performance optimization. The problems of the current few types of anodes and electrolytes and the low catalytic activity of the cathodes were analyzed.
Key words: solid oxide fuel cell; proton conductivity type; cathode; medium and low temperature
