(1. 昆明理工大学 冶金与能源工程学院，昆明 650093；
2. 昆明理工大学 真空冶金国家工程实验室，昆明 650093)
摘 要: 随着新能源的发展和普及，锂离子电池已广泛应用于生活中各个领域。废旧锂电池中含有大量Ni、Co、Mn、Li等金属资源，具有很好的回收前景，逐渐受到人们的重视。同时，大量废旧锂电池的回收问题对环境保护和资源可持续利用方面提出了新的挑战，同时也对开发合适的回收技术构成了巨大压力。火法冶金回收工艺因其流程短、效率高等优势被广泛研究；湿法冶金回收工艺则因其对有价金属的选择性好、反应条件温和等优势逐渐成为研究热点。在这篇综述中，先全面总结了废旧锂离子电池正极材料的火法冶金回收的先进技术，再针对湿法冶金回收工艺中的无机酸和有机酸浸出进行了总结，并展望了未来废锂离子电池正极材料资源化处理技术的研究方向。
关键字: 废旧锂离子电池；正极材料；资源化利用；有价金属回收
（1. Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
2. National Engineering Laboratory of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China）
Abstract:With the development and popularization of new energy sources, lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in various fields of life. Spent lithium-ion batteries contain a large amount of metal resources such as Ni, Co, Mn, Li, etc, which have good prospects for recycling and are gradually receiving attention. At the same time, the recycling of a large number of spent lithium-ion batteries poses new challenges to environmental protection and sustainable use of resources, and at the same time puts tremendous pressure on the development of appropriate recycling technologies. The pyrometallurgical recovery process has been widely studied due to its advantages such as short process and high efficiency; the hydrometallurgical recovery process has gradually become a research hotspot due to its good selectivity to valuable metals and mild reaction conditions. In this review, we first comprehensively summarize the advanced technology of pyrometallurgical recovery of cathode materials for spent lithium-ion batteries, then summarize the leaching of inorganic acid and organic acid in the hydrometallurgical recovery process, and look forward to the research direction of resource treatment technology of spent lithium-ion battery cathode materials in the future.
Key words: spent lithium-ion battery; cathode material; resource utilization; valuable metal recovery
