(中南大学 材料科学与工程学院，长沙 410083)
摘 要: SiCp/Al复合材料综合了铝合金与陶瓷颗粒碳化硅的优点，具有轻质、高强、高模量以及摩擦磨损性能和热物理性能优异等优良性能，具有广阔的应用前景，是金属基复合材料领域研究的重点之一。针对SiCp/Al复合材料的特点，综述搅拌铸造、挤压铸造、粉末冶金、喷射共沉积等制备方法的优缺点，论述热挤压、热轧制、等径角挤压等二次塑性变形对其组织性能的影响，并围绕SiCp/Al复合材料的组织特征，阐述Al基体中引入不同数量与状态的SiC颗粒与其性能之间的关系，论述其断裂行为与强韧化机制。最后，举例说明SiCp/Al复合材料的广泛应用，并展望其发展前景。
关键字: SiCp/Al复合材料；颗粒增强铝基复合材料；显微组织；制备方法；强韧化机制
（School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:Silicon carbide particles reinforced aluminum matrix (SiCp/Al) composites have particularly promising application prospects owing to the lightweight, remarkable strength, modulus, wear resistance and thermal physical properties, becoming the research focus in metal matrix composites area. The strengths and weakness of the preparation processes, such as powder metallurgy, stirring casting, spray deposition, squeeze casting and the secondary deformation including hot extrusion, hot rolling and equal channel angular extrusion were summarized. Focusing on the microstructures of SiCp/Al composites, the properties, fracture behavior, strengthening and toughening mechanism were discussed. Moreover, the wide application and development prospects of the SiCp/Al composites were also briefed at the end.
Key words: SiCp/Al composites; particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite; microstructure; preparation processes; strengthening and toughening mechanism
