(1. 上海交通大学 材料科学与工程学院 特种材料研究所，金属基复合材料国家重点实验室，上海 200240；
2. 上海交通大学 安徽(淮北)陶铝新材料研究院，淮北 235000)
摘 要: 工业界对高品质、高效率激光制造提出了越来越高的要求，提高激光制造的能量吸收率具有巨大的市场需求。2017年，波长为450 nm左右的短波长250 W高功率蓝激光器问世，显著提高了铜、金、铝、银等有色金属的吸收率，并逐步应用于焊接、热处理、增材制造等材料成形领域。本文分析了短波长蓝激光提升材料吸收率的原理，总结了高功率蓝激光器的发展历程、蓝激光在焊接和增材制造等领域的应用现状，结合作者在该领域的研究经验提出了对于高功率蓝激光应用于有色金属成形领域发展方向的思考。
关键字: 有色金属；增材制造；焊接；蓝激光；吸收率
（1. State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Special Material Institute, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
2. Institute of Alumics Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Anhui), Huaibei 235000, China）
Abstract:Laser manufacturing with high quality and efficiency is urgently required by the industry, while improving the absorption rate in the manufacturing process is the key method to reach the goal. In 2017, a 250W high power blue laser system with the wavelength around 450 nm was developed, which significantly improved the absorption rate in laser processing of Cu, Au, Al, Ag, and so on. Since then, the blue laser has been increasingly used in welding, heat treatment, additive manufacturing, and so on. This paper analyzes the mechanism of high absorption rate at a shorter laser wavelength, reviews the development roadmap of the high power blue laser system and summarizes the current status of applying the blue laser in welding and additive manufacturing. Finally, the development trend in this emerging field is suggested based on the experiences of the researchers.
Key words: additive manufacturing; welding; blue laser; absorption rate; nonferrous metals
