(中南大学 机电工程学院，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 为掌握海底采矿作业车导管螺旋桨推进器水动力学性能影响因素，有效提高水动力性能，对19A Ka-4-55型号导管螺旋桨进行参数化建模，采用CFD方法对其水动力性能进行仿真分析，获得19A Ka-4-55导管螺旋桨在不同进速下的水动力系数。将结果与其试验经验值进行拟合，并搭建试验平台验证仿真，分析不同桨叶数以及斜流影响下的导管螺旋桨水动力性能。结果表明：CFD数值仿真结果与导管螺旋桨试验图谱吻合，在一定范围内较多桨叶数能提高推力，但较少桨叶数效率更高，螺旋桨力矩系数与其桨叶数成正比关系；斜流作用下，导管对螺旋桨的保护和导流作用可以减少螺旋桨压力参数，降低螺旋桨空泡发生率，导管螺旋桨水动力性能明显优于无导管螺旋桨的水动力性能。
关键字: 导管螺旋桨；CFD；淌水效率；桨叶数；斜流
（School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:In order to grasp the influencing factors of the hydrodynamic performance of the ducted propeller of the submarine operating vehicle, and effectively improve the hydrodynamic performance, the 19A Ka-4-55 ducted propeller was modeled parametrically, and its hydrodynamic performance was simulated and analyzed by the CFD method. The hydrodynamic coefficients of the 19A Ka-4-55 ducted propeller at different advance speeds were obtained. The results were fitted with experimental experience values, and a test platform was built to verify the simulation, and the hydrodynamic performance of the ducted propeller under the influence of different numbers of blades and diagonal flow was analyzed. The results show that the CFD numerical simulation results are consistent with the ducted propeller test chart. In a certain range, more blades can increase thrust, but fewer blades are more efficient, and the propeller moment coefficient is proportional to the number of blades; Under the diagonal flow action, the protection and diversion effect of the duct on the propeller can reduce the propeller pressure parameters and reduce the incidence of propeller cavitation. The hydrodynamic performance of the ducted propeller is significantly better than that of the ductless propeller.
Key words: ducted propeller; CFD; flowing efficiency; number of blades; oblique flow
