(1. 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 海底科学重点实验室，杭州 310012；
2. 中国大洋矿产资源研究开发协会，北京 100012；
3. 长沙矿冶研究院有限责任公司，长沙 410012；
4. 广州海洋地质调查局，广州 510075；
5. 中国地质大学(北京) 海洋学院，北京100083)
摘 要: 中国大洋矿产资源研究开发协会是首批获得国际海底区域多金属结核资源矿区的承包者之一，近年来又先后推动中国五矿集团有限公司和北京先驱高技术开发公司，分别在东太平洋CCZ区和西北太平洋海山盆地获得多金属结核资源矿区。本文分析了深海多金属结核成矿机制和矿床类型，回顾了中国大洋协会、中国五矿和北京先驱3个承包者结核矿区多金属结核资源勘探工作的主要进展，对比研究了东太平洋CCZ区和西北太平洋海山盆地多金属结核资源特征。认为我国的多金属结核资源矿区可为未来国家经济发展提供重要的战略金属资源保障，建议中国五矿和北京先驱应尽快完成矿址圈定。同时，3个承包者应合作解决储量评价的关键技术问题，以能够在国际上率先开展多金属结核资源的储量评价工作。
关键字: 多金属结核；国际海底区域；资源勘探；储量评价；资源开发
（1. Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China;
2. China Ocean Mineral Resources Research and Development Association, Beijing 100012, China;
3. Changsha Research Institute of Ming and Metallurgy Co., Ltd., Changsha 410012, China;
4. Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, China Geological Survey, Guangzhou 510075, China;
5. School of Ocean Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:As one of the first group of contractors for the polymetallic nodules mining areas in the international seabed areas, China Ocean Mineral Resources Research and Development Association (COMRA) has conducted mineral exploration and research of polymetallic nodules for nearly 30 years in the abyssal plain of the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone (CCZ), eastern Pacific Ocean. In recent years, COMRA also promoted the application of the mining areas of the China Minmetals Corporation (CMC) and the Beijing Pioneer High-Tech Corporation (BPC) in the CCZ and seamount basins of the northwest Pacific Ocean. Here, the forming process of polymetallic nodules and deposit types was analyzed, and then the mineral exploration and research of the mining areas for the COMRA, CMC and BPC were reviewed. Comparisons of the mineral resource characteristics between the CCZ of the eastern Pacific Ocean and seamount basins of the northwest Pacific Ocean were conducted based on the previous data of the mineral exploration. According to the trending of the exploitation for polymetallic nodules, mining areas of polymetallic nodules would provide strategic reserve of the critical metals with our economic development. The CMC and the BPC would delineate the mining sites in order to have the capacity to apply for the exploitation contract. Meanwhile, the COMRA, CMC and BPC could cooperatively resolve the key questions about the reserve assessment, and firstly conduct reserve assessment of polymetallic nodules in the world.
Key words: polymetallic nodules; international seabed area; mineral resource assessment; reserve assessment exploitation
