(1. 东北大学 冶金学院，沈阳110004；
2. 中国铝业郑州有色金属研究院有限公司，郑州 450041)
摘 要: 氩气气氛下，采用质量法测定铝在简单电解质(SE)、高钾电解质(HPE)和高锂电解质(HLE)中的溶解损失量。结果表明：铝的溶解损失除了与铝的溶解反应和Al4C3的生成反应有关外，还与铝-炭原电池的形成有关。在本文的实验条件下，铝在简单电解质和高钾电解质中的溶解损失速率在0.18~0.22 mg/(cm2？min)范围内，远低于铝在高锂电解质中的溶解损失速率0.35 mg/(cm2？min)。高锂电解质中铝-炭电池反应造成的铝溶解损失速率远高于其他两种铝电解质。
关键字: 铝电解；质量法；复杂铝电解质；铝溶解损失；铝-炭原电池
（1. School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China;
2. Chalco Zhengzhou Nonferrous Metal Research Institute Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou 450041, China）
Abstract:The dissolution losses of aluminum in simple aluminum electrolyte (SE), high potassium aluminum electrolyte (HPE) and high lithium aluminum electrolyte (HLE) in argon atmosphere were measured by mass loss of aluminum before and after the experiments. The results show that the dissolution loss of aluminum is related not only to the dissolution reaction of aluminum and the formation of Al4C3, but also to the formation of aluminum-carbon Galvanic cells. Under the experimental conditions in this paper, the dissolution loss rates of aluminum in simple aluminum electrolyte and high potassium aluminum electrolyte range from 0.18 mg/(cm2？min) to 0.22 mg/(cm2？min), much lower than that in high lithium aluminum electrolyte, 0.35 mg/(cm2？min). The dissolution loss rate of aluminum caused by aluminum-carbon galvanic cell reaction in high lithium aluminum electrolyte is much higher than that in the other two kinds of aluminum electrolytes.
Key words: aluminum electrolysis; mass loss; complex aluminum electrolytes; aluminum dissolution loss; Al-C Galvanic cell
