(1. 昆明理工大学 国土资源工程学院,昆明 650093;
2. 昆明理工大学 省部共建复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室,昆明 650093;
3. 南方科技大学 化学系,深圳 518055;
4. 中南大学 资源加工与生物工程学院,长沙 410083)
摘 要: 锡是我国具有国际话语权的战略性金属资源。目前,随着优质锡资源的枯竭,难选锡资源的高效回收仍是选矿领域的一大技术难题之一。本文综述了锡石选别中的影响因素、选矿设备、选别工艺和用药机理的研究进展。基于锡石自身的物理化学特性及当前锡石回收的难点,总结归纳了矿物粒度不均、伴生组分复杂、金属离子影响、高泥干扰等选矿过程中的主要因素对锡石回收的影响机制。据此,分析了现有的选锡设备、选别工艺、浮选药剂对复杂锡矿资源回收的技术局限。提出了联合工艺及组合药剂是实现锡矿资源高效回收利用的重要手段,协同互补理论的精细化研究也是未来开发新设备、新工艺和新药剂的核心思想。
关键字: 锡石;影响因素;联合工艺;组合药剂;协同互补
(1. Faculty of Land Resource Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
3. Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China;
4. School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China)
Abstract:Tin is a strategic metal resource, and China has an important international influence in the world. At present, due to the exhaustion of high-quality tin resources, the efficient recovery of low-grade refractor tin resources is still one of the technical problems in the field of mineral processing. The influencing factors, mineral processing equipment, beneficiation processes and medication mechanism in cassiterite beneficiation were reviewed in this work. Based on the physical and chemical properties of cassiterite itself and the current difficulties in cassiterite recovery, the main factors in the beneficiation process were summarized, such as uneven mineral particle size, complex associated components, metal ion influence, and high slime interference, etc., and their influence mechanism on the recovery of cassiterite. Accordingly, the technical limitations of existing tin dressing equipment, separation processes and flotation reagents for recovering complex tin ore resources were analyzed. It is proposed that combined processes and combined reagents are important means to realize effective recovery and utilization of tin ore resources. The refined research on synergy and complementarity theory is also the core idea for the future development of new equipment, new processes and new reagents.
Key words: cassiterite; influencing factors; combined process; combined reagent; synergy and complementarity