(河南理工大学 化学化工学院，焦作 454000)
摘 要: 赤泥活化焙烧-联合浸出制备富钛料并分离有价组分，考察参数对各金属浸出率的影响，并对活化焙烧-联合浸出过程中组分溶解行为进行了理论分析。结果表明：在盐酸浓度为5 mol/L、液固比为6 mL/g、浸出温度为80 ℃和浸出时间为90 min的条件下，铝、铁、钠、钙和钛的浸出率分别为81.2%、76.3%、99.2%、99.3%和3.2%，同时稀有金属钒、钪和钇的浸出率均超过95%。在焙烧温度为550 ℃、碱渣比为2、焙烧时间为40 min、水浸温度为80 ℃、液固比为7 mL/g、浸出时间为60 min的条件下，硅浸出率可达85.7%，可获得TiO2品位为71.8%的富钛料。钛酸钠和少量未反应的石英存在于富钛料中，TiO2能够稳定存在于Fe3+、Al3+和 的溶液体系中。钒和硅的浸出过程均受内扩散控制，浸出表观活化能分别为10.76 kJ/mol和10.61 kJ/mol，而铁的酸浸表观活化能达到23.86 kJ/mol。
关键字: 赤泥；富钛料；活化焙烧；联合浸出；有价组分
（School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo Henan, 454000, China）
Abstract:Titanium-rich materials were prepared and valuable components were separated from red mud by active roasting and combined leaching. The effects of parameters on the leaching efficiency of aluminum, iron, sodium, calcium and titanium were investigated. The dissolution behavior of components in the process of active roasting and combined leaching was theoretically analyzed. The results show that the leaching efficiencies of aluminum, iron, sodium, calcium and titanium are 81.2%, 76.3%, 99.2%, 99.3%, respectively, under the conditions of HCl concentration of 5 mol/L, liquid-solid ration of 6 mL/g, leaching temperature of 80 ℃ and leaching time of 90 min, respectively. The leaching efficiencies of vanadium, scandium and yttrium are more than 95%. The leaching efficiency of silicon reaches 85.7% and the titanium-rich material with TiO2 grade of 71.8% is obtained by roasting with alkali slag ratio of 2 at 550 ℃ for 40 min and liquid-solid ratio of 7 mL/g at 80 ℃ for 60 min. The sodium titanate and some unreacted quartz exist in the titanium-rich material. TiO2 exists stably in the solution system of Fe3+, Al3+ and . The leaching processes of vanadium and silicon are controlled by internal diffusion. The apparent activation energies of vanadium, silicon and iron are 10.76 kJ/mol, 10.61 kJ/mol and 23.86 kJ/mol, respectively.
Key words: red mud; titanium-rich material; active roasting; combined leaching; valuable component
