(1. 东华理工大学 核资源与环境国家重点实验室，南昌 330013；
2. 东华理工大学 土木与建筑工程学院，南昌 330013；
3. 东华理工大学 长江学院，抚州 344000)
摘 要: 采用定性与定量相结合的方法对生物冶金中微生物系统在金属浸出过程中是否形成耗散结构进行分析，并对生物冶金中微生物系统的演化过程进行推演。结果表明：生物冶金中微生物系统具备耗散结构特征，因此，生物冶金中微生物系统满足耗散结构的开放系统、非线性关系、远离平衡态和涨落的四大条件，生物冶金中微生物系统在金属浸出过程中存在耗散结构；对生物冶金中微生物系统进行了演化，得出了生物冶金中微生物系统演化过程图，系统最终会自发地发展到稳定态x*=(k-d)/β，其中k-d越大，饱和系数β越小，这个稳定态数就越大，越有利于微生物金属浸出。
关键字: 生物冶金；微生物系统；耗散结构特征；演化
（1. State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China;
2. School of Civil and Construction Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China;
3. Yangtze River College, East China University of Technology, Fuzhou 344000, China）
Abstract:A combination of qualitative and quantitative methods was used to analyze whether the microbial system in biometallurgy forms a dissipative structure during the metal leaching process, and the evolution of the microbial system in biometallurgy was deduced. The microbial system in biometallurgy has the characteristics of dissipative structure. Therefore, the microbial system in biometallurgy satisfies the four major conditions of dissipative structure: open system, nonlinear relationship, far from equilibrium and fluctuations. The microbial system in biometallurgy has dissipative structure in metal leaching process. There is a dissipative structure in the leaching process. The microbial system in biometallurgy is evolved, and the evolution process diagram of the microbial system in biometallurgy is obtained. The system will eventually develop spontaneously to a new steady state x*=(k-d)/β, Where the larger the k-d, the smaller the saturation coefficient β, and the larger the steady-state number, which is more conducive to microbial metal leaching.
Key words: biometallurgy; microbial system; dissipative structure characteristics; evolution
