(1. 北京科技大学 土木与资源工程学院，北京 100083；
2. 金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室，北京 100083)
摘 要: 为研究冲击载荷作用下全尾砂胶结充填体的能耗特征和损伤特性，采用分离式霍普金森杆(SHPB)试验技术对全尾砂胶结充填体进行冲击加载试验。结果表明：充填体的动态抗压强度、单位体积吸收能和单位质量破碎耗能随平均应变率的增加均呈指数函数递增规律；充填体试样的透射能、反射能随入射能增加呈线性增长，而吸收能随入射能增加呈指数函数增长规律；充填体的单位体积吸收能和单位质量的破碎耗能均随入射能的增加呈指数函数增长规律；基于应变等价原理构建冲击加载下的充填体损伤本构方程和损伤演化方程，并结合损伤值D与应力值随应变的增长规律，充填体动态损伤破坏演化过程可划分为损伤稳定发展、损伤加速和损伤破坏3个阶段。
关键字: 充填体；冲击荷载；能耗特征；损伤特性
（1. School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:In order to study the energy consumption characteristics and damage characteristics of full tailings cemented backfill under impact loading, a separate Hopkinson bar (SHPB) test technique was used to perform impact loading tests on the full tailings cemented backfill. The test results show that the dynamic compressive strength of the filling body, the absorption energy per unit volume and the energy dissipation per unit mass increase exponentially as the average strain rate increases. The reflection energy and transmission energy of the filler increase linearly with the increase of incident energy, while the absorption energy increases exponentially with the increase of incident energy. The absorption energy per unit volume and the crushing energy per unit mass of the filling body increase exponentially with the increase of incident energy. Based on the principle of strain equivalence, the damage constitutive equation and the damage evolution equation of the filling body under impact loading are constructed. Combining the growth law of the damage value D and the stress value with the strain, it can be seen that the dynamic damage failure evolution process of the filling body can be divided into three stages, damage stable development, damage acceleration and damage destruction.
Key words: backfill; impact loading; energy consumption characteristics; damage characteristics
