(1. 北京科技大学 土木与环境工程学院，北京 100083；
2. 北京科技大学 金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室，北京 100083)
摘 要: 目前深锥浓密机的浓密效果差，底流浓度低。为了探寻提高底流浓度的技术新途径，将超声波引入浓密机性能改造，研究超声辐照对深锥浓密机浓密效果及流变性的影响，借助自制超声辐照深锥浓密机试验系统开展动态浓密实验；利用正交实验设计，重点考察耙架转速、超声波辐照频率对其浓密机底流浓度及流变性的影响。结果表明，超声波辐照频率与底流浓度呈现较为复杂的关系，超声频率的升高对底流浓度起到增益效果，实验中底流浓度最大提高3.85%；超声波作用对于底流浓度的增益效果呈二次函数分布，在频率22.34 kHz时为函数最低点，增益效果最弱。超声波作用后，料浆絮体结构尺寸有所降低，超声作用使得尾砂颗粒和絮团重新分配组合，产生形态规模较小的絮团，絮体体积比降低。超声波辐照对底流浓度有较大影响，可作为一种提高浓密机底流浓度的手段。
关键字: 超声辐照；动态浓密；全尾砂；底流浓度；絮团结构
（1. School of Civil and Environment Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China）
Abstract:At present, the thickener’s thick effect is poor with a low underflow concentration. In order to explore new ways to improve the technology of the underflow concentration, ultrasonic irradiation was applied into thickener transformation performance to research the effects of ultrasonic irradiation on thickener underflow concentration and rheology. With the help of homemade ultrasonic irradiation and deep cone thickener experiment system, dynamic thickening experiments was carried out. Under the orthogonal experiment design, it was focused on that different speed of rake and different frequency of ultrasonic irradiation influence effect on underflow concentration of indoor model of deep cone thickener. The results show that the ultrasonic frequency has a complex relationship with the concentration of underflow. The ultrasonic effect has a gain effect on the concentration of the underflow with the increase of the frequency. The maximum increase of the concentration of the underflow in the experiment is 3.85%. The gain of the ultrasonic effect on the concentration of underflow is the weakest at the frequency of 22.34 kHz, which is a quadratic function distribution. The structure and size of slurry flocs decrease after ultrasonic treatment, which lead to the redistribution and combination of tailings and flocs, and result in smaller flocs and lower floc volume ratio. It can be seen that ultrasonic irradiation has a great influence on the underflow concentration, which can be used to improving the underflow concentration of the thickener.
Key words: ultrasonic irradiation; dynamic thickening experiment; unclassified tailings; underflow concentration; flocs structure
