Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

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中国有色金属学报

ZHONGGUO YOUSEJINSHU XUEBAO

第31卷    第4期    总第265期    2021年4月

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文章编号:1004-0609(2021)-04-1074-10
金川镍渣充填胶凝材料力学性能与水化机理
温震江1, 2,高 谦1,2,杨志强2, 3,杨晓炳1, 2,倪 文1, 2

(1. 北京科技大学 金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室,北京 100083;
2. 北京科技大学 土木与资源工程学院,北京 100083;
3. 金川集团股份有限公司,金昌 737100
)

摘 要: 金川矿山利用镍渣开发新型胶凝材料替代水泥以降低充填成本,为了使镍渣胶凝材料更好地应用于矿山充填,需要对其力学性能与水化机理进行研究。首先对试验材料进行物化分析,然后在此基础上进行强度试验,确定激发剂配比、物料比表面积及料浆质量分数,最后利用XRD分析、红外光谱分析、差热分析、能谱分析以及SEM微观结构分析来探究镍渣胶凝材料水化产物及水化机理,为其在矿山的应用提供理论基础。结果表明:镍渣胶凝材料配比为m(镍渣):m(脱硫石膏):m(电石渣):m(硫酸钠):m(熟料)=85:5:5:3:2;镍渣、脱硫石膏、电石渣和熟料最佳比表面积分别为620、320、320和300 m2/kg;料浆质量分数为81%时不仅满足自流输送,并可按照1:4胶砂比制备充填体,7 d和28 d静态抗压强度分别为3.46 MPa和5.76 MPa,7 d和28 d动载抗压强度分别为5.3 MPa和12.5 MPa,7 d和28 d抗拉强度分别为1.53 MPa和1.79 MPa,7 d和28 d抗剪强度分别为1.19 MPa和4.04 MPa,均满足矿山要求。镍渣在碱和硫酸盐复合激发作用下,结晶态物质和玻璃体不断解聚和溶解,并且发生水化反应,生成大量钙矾石、类钙矾石相;同时,生成不规则的絮状凝胶填充空隙,随着养护龄期不断增长,结构逐渐密实,强度也随之提高。

 

关键字: 充填采矿法;镍渣;复合激发;力学性能;水化机理

Mechanical properties and hydration mechanism of Jinchuan nickel slag filling cementitious material
WEN Zhen-jiang1, 2, GAO Qian1, 2, YANG Zhi-qiang2, 3, YANG Xiao-bing1, 2, NI Wen1, 2

1. Key Laboratory of High Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mine, Ministry of Education, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
3. Jinchuan Group Co., Ltd., Jinchang 737100, China

Abstract:In Jinchuan Mine, nickel slag was used to develop a new cementing material instead of cement to reduce the filling cost. In order to make nickel slag cementitious material better used in mine filling, it is necessary to study its mechanical properties and hydration mechanism. Firstly, the physicochemical analysis of the test material was carried out, and then the strength test was carried out on the basis of the analysis, the ratio of activator, specific surface area of the material and slurry mass fraction were determined. Finally, the hydration products and hydration mechanism of nickel slag cementitious materials were explored by XRD analysis, infrared spectroscopy analysis, differential thermal analysis, energy spectrum analysis and SEM micro-structure analysis, which provides a theoretical basis for its application in mines. The results show that the proportion of nickel slag cementitious material is m(nickel slag):m(desulfurization gypsum):m(carbide slag):m(sodium sulfate):m(clinker)=85:5:5:3:2; the optimum specific surface areas of nickel slag, desulfurized gypsum, carbide slag and clinker are 620, 320, 320 and 300 m2/kg, respectively; When the slurry mass fraction is 81%, it not only satisfies self-conveying, but also can prepare filling body according to 1:4 cement-sand ratio. The static compressive strengths are 3.46 MPa and 5.76 MPa for 7 d and 28 d, respectively, and the dynamic compressive strengths are 5.3 MPa and 12.5 MPa, tensile strengths are 1.53 MPa and 1.79 MPa, shear strengths are 1.19 MPa and 4.04 MPa, which all meet the requirements of the mine. Under the combined activation of alkali and sulphate, the crystalline material and amorphous of nickel slag are continuously depolymerization and dissolved, and hydration reaction takes place. A large number of ettringite and ettringite phases are formed, while irregular floc gel fills the gap. With the increase of curing age, the structure becomes denser and the strength increases.

 

Key words: filling mining method; nickel slag; compound excitation; mechanical properties; hydration mechanism

ISSN 1004-0609
CN 43-1238/TG
CODEN: ZYJXFK

ISSN 1003-6326
CN 43-1239/TG
CODEN: TNMCEW

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