(1. 贵州大学 材料与冶金学院，贵阳 550025；
2. 贵州省冶金工程与过程节能重点实验室，贵阳 550025)
摘 要: 以CaCl2为熔盐电解质，在900 ℃、3.1 V、电解9 h条件下，对含钛废渣进行熔盐电脱氧，利用泡沫镍包裹烧结片作为阴极，石墨棒为阳极，研究碳粉掺杂量对阴极微观形貌与电解效果的影响，并分析电脱氧历程。结果表明：烧结后阴极片孔隙率随着碳粉掺杂量的增加而增大，当碳粉掺杂量为5%时，阴极片孔隙率为44.33%，具有较好的电化学活性，电解产物中Ti含量达到94.06%，颗粒尺寸均匀，呈海绵形态，与未添加碳粉相比，Ti含量增加了4.16%；当碳粉掺杂量达到10%时，阴极孔隙率增加至49.56%，颗粒间连接度降低，使得电化学活性下降，电脱氧效果明显变差。电解初期电流较高，25 min后迅速下降，并趋于稳定；掺杂适量碳粉有利于阴极电脱氧，脱氧历程为：CaTiO3→Ti2O3→TiO→TixO(x＞1)→Ti。
关键字: 含钛废渣；熔盐电解；金属钛；掺杂
（1. College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
2. Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Engineering and Process Energy Saving, Guiyang 550025, China）
Abstract:Titanium was prepared successfully from waste slag containing titanium by using CaCl2 molten salt as electrolyte, sintered sheet wrapped with nickel foam as cathode, and graphite as anode at 900 ℃ with cell voltages of 3.1 V under inert atmosphere. The influence of carbon doping amount on microstructures of reduced pellets, effect of electrolysis was also discussed. In addition, the process of electro-deoxidation were analyzed. The results demonstrate that the porosity of the cathode sheet after sintering increases with the increase of the amount of carbon powder. The porosity of the cathode sheet is 44.33% with 5% dopant, which has good electrochemical activity. The Ti content reached 94.06% which is higher than nodoped sample (the Ti content increased by 4.16%), and the particle size in the form of a sponge is uniform. When the carbon powder doped amount reaches 10%, the cathode porosity increases to 49.56%, and the inter-particle decreases connectivity which reduces electrochemical activity and the effect of electro-deoxidation significantly. The initial current of electrolysis was high, which decreases rapidly after 25 min and becomes stable. Doping with an appropriate amount of carbon powder is beneficial to the cathodic deoxidation. The deoxidation process is: CaTiO3→Ti2O3→TiO→TixO(x＞1)→Ti.
Key words: waste slag containing titanium; molten salt electrolysis; titanium; doped
