(1. 中南大学 资源加工与生物工程学院，长沙 410083；
2. 中南大学 战略含钙矿物资源清洁高效利用湖南省重点实验室，长沙 410083)
摘 要: 在50 ℃、pH 1.6的条件下，研究了Fe2+、Fe3+和Cu2+对中等嗜热混合菌浸出黄铜矿的影响。结果表明：添加低质量浓度Fe2+时，在浸出前期能够促进黄铜矿的浸出；而添加较高质量浓度Fe2+时，铜的浸出率反而降低；当添加不同质量浓度Fe3+时，由于形成黄钾铁矾而导致总铁质量浓度降低，但铜的浸出率并没有明显变化；添加不同质量浓度Cu2+对黄铜矿的浸出没有显著的影响。同时，添加Fe2+和Cu2+与单独添加Fe2+对黄铜矿的浸出影响是相似的。因此，在生物浸出过程中，可以通过调节浸矿微生物组成降低微生物的亚铁氧化活性，提高硫氧化能力来控制溶液电位，从而强化黄铜矿的生物浸出。
关键字: 黄铜矿；中等嗜热混合菌；铜离子；二价铁离子；三价铁离子
（1. School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The effects of Fe2+, Fe3+, and Cu2+ on bioleaching of chalcopyrite by moderate thermophilic mixed bacteria were studied at 50 ℃ and pH 1.6. The experimental results show that addition of lower concentration of Fe2+ can enhance of the bioleaching of chalcopyrite in the early stage, while addition of higher concentration of Fe2+ will case the reduce the copper extraction percentage. When different concentrations of Fe3+ are added, the total Fe concentration will decrease owing to the formation of jarosite, but the copper extraction does not change significantly. The addition of Cu2+ at different concentrations has no obvious effect on the bioleaching of chalcopyrite. The effect of adding Fe2+ and Cu2+ on chalcopyrite leaching is similar to that of adding Fe2+ alone. Therefore, during the bioleaching process, the solution potential can be controlled by adjusting the composition of the microorganisms-decreasing the ability of ferrous oxidation and increasing the ability of sulfur oxidation-to enhance the bioleaching of chalcopyrite.
Key words: chalcopyrite; moderate thermophilic bacterial; Cu2+; Fe2+; Fe3+
