(1. 西安建筑科技大学 冶金工程学院，西安 710055；
2. 功能材料加工国家地方联合工程研究中心，西安 710055；
3. 金堆城钼业股份有限公司技术中心，西安 710077)
摘 要: 研究添加元素Ni对W-Cu复合材料组织和性能的影响。利用预混粉、机械球磨和活化液相烧结法制备不同Ni含量W-Cu复合材料，采用电子扫描显微镜、X射线衍射仪、激光导热仪等对复合材料的显微组织、物相、热导率、热膨胀系数和硬度进行检测与分析。结果表明：当W-Cu复合材料中不添加Ni元素时，W颗粒团聚形成闭合孔隙，液相Cu无法有效填充孔隙，导致W-Cu组织分布不均匀。随着Ni含量逐渐增加，钨颗粒尺寸不断增大，Cu相将W颗粒包覆；当Ni含量增至5%时，Cu相分布呈网状结构，复合材料组织的均匀分布。在性能方面，随着Ni元素含量的增加，W-Cu复合材料的致密度从83.91%提高到95.59%，硬度由229HV提升至304HV，各温度下热导率和热膨胀系数均有所下降。
关键字: W-Cu复合材料；活化烧结；组织结构；物理性能
（1. College of Metallurgy Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China;
2. National and Local Engineering Researching Center for Functional Materials Processing, Xi’an 710055, China;
3 Technical Center, Jinduicheng Molybdenum Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710077, China）
Abstract:The effects of Ni addition on the microstructure and properties of W-Cu composites were researched. W-Cu composites with different contents of Ni element were fabricated by powder mixing, mechanical ball milling and activated liquid phase sintering. The microstructures were observed, and the thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient and hardness of composite materials were measured. The results show that without the addition of Ni element, W particles agglomerate to form closed pores and liquid Cu can not fill the pores, leading to the unbalanced distribution of W-Cu structure. With the increase of Ni element, the W particles grow and were coated with Cu. In particular, when the Ni content increases to 5%, Cu presents a network structure, and the microstructure of the composite is uniform. In addition, with the increase of Ni content, the density and the hardness of the composites increase, and the thermal conductivity and the thermal expansion coefficient decrease.
Key words: W-Cu composites; activated sintering; organizational structure; physical property
