(1. 中南大学 资源加工与生物工程学院，长沙 410083；
2. 中南大学 战略含钙矿物资源清洁高效利用湖南省重点实验室，长沙 410083；
3. 宁化行洛坑钨矿有限公司，三明 365400)
摘 要: 研究了Al3+与硅酸胶粒自组装得到的Al-Na2SiO3聚合物抑制剂在苯甲羟肟酸铅(Pb-BHA)配合物捕收剂体系下对白钨矿与方解石选择性抑制作用机理。单矿物浮选实验结果表明，Al-Na2SiO3可以实现白钨矿与方解石的高效浮选分离。红外光谱和溶液化学分析表明，Al3+与硅酸通过化学成键作用生成具有Si—O—Al 键的铝硅聚合物。动电位测试、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)测试等分析表明，Al-Na2SiO3在白钨矿及方解石表面均发生化学吸附，Al-Na2SiO3中的氧原子和矿物表面的钙质点为吸附反应的活性位点。相比于Na2SiO3，Al-Na2SiO3在白钨矿表面吸附量较少，其化学吸附作用相对较弱，而在方解石的表面吸附量较大，化学吸附作用较强。Al-Na2SiO3聚合物和Pb-BHA配合物选择性的协同作用实现了白钨矿与方解石的高效浮选分离。
关键字: Al-Na2SiO3聚合物抑制剂；Pb-BHA配合物捕收剂；白钨矿；浮选；硅酸钠
（1. School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
3. Ninghua Xingluokeng Tungsten Mining Co., Ltd., Ninghua 365400, China）
Abstract:The mechanism of selective inhibition of scheelite and calcite using Pb-BHA complexes and Al-Na2SiO3polymer self-assembled by Al3+ and colloidal silicic acid as collector and depressant was studied. The flotation results indicate that the separation of scheelite from calcite can be realized by Al-Na2SiO3. The infrared spectroscopy and solution chemical analysis results show that Al3+ and silicate acid form aluminosilicate polymer with Si—O—Al bond via chemical bonding. Zeta potential and XPS analysis results show that calcium cations of scheelite and calcite surfaces could bond to oxygen atoms of Al-Na2SiO3 through chemisorption, the calcium cations and oxygen atoms are the active site of the adsorption reaction. Compared with Na2SiO3, Al-Na2SiO3 shows less adsorption amount and weaker chemisorption on the scheelite surface, while the reverse is true on the calcite surface. The selective separation of scheelite from calcite is attributed to the cooperative selectivity of the Pb-BHA complexes and Al-Na2SiO3 polymer.
Key words: Al-Na2SiO3polymer depressant; Pb-BHA complexes collector; scheelite; flotation; sodium silicate
