(1. 青海聚能钛业股份有限公司，西宁 810000；
2. 青海省钛及钛合金工程技术研究中心，西宁 810000)
摘 要: 采用数值模拟(Langmuir定律)研究了工业化条件下电子束冷床炉(EB炉)一次熔炼制备TC4合金铸锭的工艺，对熔炼工艺参数与铸锭化学成分均匀性之间的关系进行了分析，并对熔炼过程中Al元素的挥发规律做了简要的理论计算分析。结果表明：EB炉熔炼过程中Al元素挥发严重，实际挥发率达16.9%，高于理论值11.8%；熔炼电流、真空度及各工艺参数之间的匹配性是影响Al元素挥发的关键因素；通过合理的工艺参数制备的铸锭整体化学成分均匀性良好，径向成分均匀性优于轴向的，V元素分布均匀性优于Al元素的，Al元素标准偏差在0.25%以内，V元素标准偏差在0.10%以内，其成分精度和均匀性完全符合国家标准要求。
关键字: TC4合金；电子束冷床熔炼；Al元素挥发
（1. Qinghai Supower Titanium Co., Ltd., Xining 810000, China;
2. Titanium and Titanium Alloys Engineering Research Center of Qinghai Province, Xining 810000, China）
Abstract:The technology of preparing TC4 alloy ingot by electron beam cold hearth melting furnace (EBCHM) in industrialized conditions process was studied. The relationship between the smelting process parameters and the homogeneity of the chemical composition of ingot was analyzed, and a brief theoretical calculation and analysis of the volatilization of Al element was studied. The results show that the volatilization of Al in EB melting process is serious and the actual volatilization rate is 16.9%, which is higher than the theoretical value of 11.8%. The melting current, vacuum degree and the matching of process parameters is the key factor to affect Al element volatilization. The chemical composition of ingot prepared by reasonable process parameters has good uniformity, the radial component uniformity is superior to the axial direction, the distribution of V elements is better than that of Al, the standard deviation of Al is within 0.25% and the standard deviation of V is less than 0.10%. And the composition accuracy and uniformity are in full compliance with the requirements of national standards.
Key words: TC4 titanium alloy; electron beam cold hearth melting; Al element evaporation
