(1. 华东师范大学生 态与环境科学学院，上海 200241；
2. 上海交通大学 环境科学与工程学院，上海 200240；
3. 崇明生态研究院，上海 200062)
摘 要: 废旧三元电池正极活性材料中大部分固态粉末的金属离子可以通过硫酸浸取剂转移至酸溶液中。将富集在溶液中的金属离子分离对废旧三元电池中有价金属的回收具有重大的意义。本文研究硫酸浸出液中钴、镍、锰、锂的分离与回收。提出的沉淀工艺流程为草酸铵沉淀法沉淀钴-碳酸氢铵沉淀法沉淀锰-碳酸钠氢氧化钠共沉淀法沉淀镍-碳酸钠沉淀法沉淀锂。通过改变溶液pH值、温度、搅拌时间、沉淀剂用量等参数，优化钴镍锰锂的分离条件。结果表明：在优化工艺条件下，溶液中的金属离子分别以草酸钴、碳酸锰、碱式碳酸镍、碳酸锂的形式沉淀，钴锰镍锂回收率分别达到99.17%、97.88%、93.47%、85.21%，产物草酸钴、碳酸锰、碱式碳酸镍、碳酸锂的质量分数分别为99.87%、98.89%、98.46%、96.52%。
关键字: 三元锂电池；硫酸浸出液；钴镍锰锂；沉淀分离
（1. School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;
2. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
3. Institute of Eco-Chongming(IEC), Shanghai 200062, China）
Abstract:The metal ions of most solid powders in the cathode active materials of waste ternary batteries can be transferred to the acid solution by sulfuric acid leaching agent. In this work, the separation and recovery of cobalt, nickel, manganese and lithium in sulfuric acid leaching solution were studied. The proposed precipitation process was precipitated by ammonium oxalate precipitation method-precipitation of cobalt by ammonium bicarbonate precipitation method-precipitation of nickel by sodium hydroxide-sodium hydroxide coprecipitation method-precipitation of lithium by sodium carbonate. The separation conditions were optimized by changing the pH value, temperature, stirring time and amount of precipitant. The experimental results show that under the optimized process conditions, the metal ions in the solution are precipitated in the form of cobalt oxalate, manganese carbonate, basic nickel carbonate and lithium carbonate. The recovery rates of cobalt, manganese, nickel and lithium are 99.17%, 97.88%, 93.47% and 85.21%, respectively. The mass fractions of cobalt oxalate, manganese carbonate, basic nickel carbonate and lithium carbonate are 98.77%, 98.89%, 98.46% and 96.52%, respectively.
Key words: ternary lithium battery; sulfuric acid leaching solution; cobalt nickel manganese lithium; precipitation separation
