(1. 南昌航空大学 江西省航空构件成形与连接重点实验室，南昌 360063；
2. 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司，上海 200245)
摘 要: 采用电弧增材制造技术，研究不同层间温度下有无超声振动对电弧增材制造Cu-8Al-2Ni-2Fe-2Mn合金组织及拉伸性能的影响。结果表明：在电弧增材制造的过程中，控制不同的层间温度不能抑制外延生长的柱状枝晶形成，引入超声振动后，在层间温度100 ℃下获得胞状晶组织。电弧增材制造的Cu-8Al-2Ni-2Fe-2Mn合金主要由枝晶间的κII相(Fe3Al)和κIII相(NiAl)以及在α-Cu基体中析出的κIV相(富铁)组成。在含有柱状枝晶的试样中，拉伸性能均存在各向异性。在引入超声振动+层间温度100 ℃的试样中，各向异性较小并获得最佳综合拉伸性能。通过引入超声振动和控制层间温度，优化组织和拉伸性能，为高性能铝青铜合金的快速制造提供潜在方案。
关键字: 电弧增材制造；超声振动；铝青铜合金；层间温度；成形组织；拉伸性能
（1. Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Forming and Joining Technology for Aerospace Components, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China;
2. Shanghai Aerospace Equipments Manufacturer Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200245, China）
Abstract:The effects of ultrasonic vibration on the microstructure and tensile properties of Cu-8Al-2Ni-2Mn-2Fe alloy produced by WAAM were studied under different interpass temperature. The results show that the control of different interpass temperature during WAAM process cannot inhibit the formation of epitaxial columnar dendrites. After the ultrasonic vibration is assisted, the cellular structure is obtained in the sample under an interpass temperature of 100 ℃. The κII (based on Fe3Al) and κIII (based on NiAl) phases are precipitated in the interdendritic regions whereas κIV (based on rich Fe) is uniformly nucleated in the α-Cu matrix. The tensile properties are anisotropic in the samples containing columnar dendrites. In samples under condition of ultrasonic vibration+interpass temperature of 100 ℃, the anisotropy is eliminated and the best tensile properties are obtained. The results indicate that WAAM fabricated the nickel aluminum bronze alloys can obtain high-performance assisted ultrasonic vibration under the right interpass temperature.
Key words: wire arc additive manufacturing; ultrasonic vibration；aluminum bronze alloy; interpass temperature; microstructure; tensile properties
