(1. 昆明理工大学 冶金与能源工程学院，昆明 650093；
2. 中国科学院 过程工程研究所 湿法冶金清洁生产技术国家工程实验室，北京 100190；
3. 中国矿业大学 化学与环境工程学院，北京 100083)
摘 要: 采用ICP-OES、XRD和SEM-EDS分别对钨渣成分、物相及各元素分布状态进行分析。结果表明，钨渣的主要物相为铁/锰氧化物、硅酸盐及石英，钽和铌主要包裹于含硅、锰物相中。在此基础上，提出了钨渣稀盐酸脱硅-浓盐酸深度脱铁、锰的钽铌酸法富集新方法。考察钨渣中硅、铁、锰、钙和铝等杂质元素的脱除规律，获得最优工艺条件。在最优条件下，钨渣脱硅率可达70%以上，铁和锰的脱除率可分别达到98.01%和98.71%，钽和铌回收率分别为86.57%和82.48%，富集渣中钽和铌的品位分别达到2.81%和9.23%，可直接作为钽铌湿法冶炼工业原料。
关键字: 钨渣；钽；铌；富集；酸法
（1. Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
2. National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Producti）
Abstract:The composition, phase and element distribution of tungsten slag were analyzed by ICP-OES, XRD and SEM-EDS, respectively. The results show that the main phases of tungsten slag are iron-manganese oxides, silicate and quartz. Tantalum and niobium are mainly encapsulated in silicon-manganese phases. Based on this analysis, a new method was proposed for tantalum and niobium enrichment which includes desilication with dilute hydrochloric acid and iron-manganese deeply removing with concentrated hydrochloric acid. The removal rules of silicon, iron, manganese, calcium and aluminum were investigated, and the optimum process conditions were obtained. Under the optimum process conditions, the desilication rate is over 70%, while the iron and manganese removal rates reach 98.01% and 98.71%, respectively. The recovery rates of tantalum and niobium reach 86.57% and 82.48%, respectively, and the tantalum and niobium grades in the enriched slag reach 2.81% and 9.23%, respectively. The enriched slag can be used as raw materials in tantalum and niobium hydrometallurgical industry.
Key words: tungsten slag; tantalum; niobium; enrichment; acid method
